There is a certain consensus on some defining features of collocations (they are frequent, recurrent, conventional, institutionalized, etc.), but there is not much agreement on other characteristics, for example whether or not they constitute binary lexical relations, and, crucially, whether they are arbitrary, and must be stipulated, or should instead be deduced or inferred. I will argue that ...

This article presents the results we obtained on a complex annotation task (that of dependency syntax) using a specifically designed Game with a Purpose, ZombiLingo.1 We show that with suitable mechanisms (decomposition of the task, training of the players and regular control of the annotation quality during the game), it is possible to obtain annotations whose quality is significantly higher t...

The current PASSAGE syntactic representation is the result of 9 years of constant evolution with the aim of providing a common ground for evaluating parsers of French whatever their type and supporting theory. In this paper we present the latest developments concerning the formalism and show first through a review of basic linguistic phenomena that it is a plausible minimal common ground for re...

Language is always in flux. Over time new patterns can be observed that are either minor modifications to the linguistic system, as when the meaning of a lexical item changes, or major ones, as when word order changes occur. That language change occurs primarily as a result of acquisition is uncontroversial. There are, however, very different theories and discourses about how to interpret this ...

Abstract Negotiators are not always rational. Prior studies have found that negotiators tend to be overconfident about their ability win and underestimate the possibility of negotiation failure. This biased judgment may lead irrational evaluation miss chance settle. It is argued handle a respective perception risk failing. The failure therefore has pivotal influence on outcome warrant deeper co...

One skill that student teachers need to develop during their academic studies is the capacity to produce accurate and well-organized texts. This study reports on the comparative impact of metalinguistic feedback (MLF), teacher interactive feedback (TIF(, and the peer-feedback (PF) on the accuracy and organization of postgraduate ELT student teachers’ writing. The participants were 57 postgradua...

If marketing is truly the “ultimate social practice of postmodern consumer culture” (Firat, 1993) then it carries the heavy burden of “determining the conditions and meanings of life for the future” (Firat and Venkatesh, 1993). Certainly, social theory is now focusing on consumption as playing a central role in the way the social world is constructed, and it can be argued that marketing is too ...

A model for multi-agent negotiation under time constraints on an agent-based marketplace for personnel acquisition is presented. In the situation under consideration agents have contradictory aims and multi-lateral negotiation is chosen as the most suitable form for agents’ co-ordination. Negotiation issues and negotiation strategies are discussed first. Then the general case of multi-lateral n...

A model for multi-lateral negotiations of agents with fuzzy preferences on an electronic marketplace for personnel acquisition is presented. First we define negotiation issues, a negotiation protocol, and negotiation strategies for a bilateral negotiation model. Based on the bilateral model, the case of multilateral negotiation with multiple negotiation issues is considered. Although the paper ...