Obesity, a pre-disease state of metabolic syndrome, has been associated with not only multiple genes but also environmental factors including diet. In this study we built up a highly controlled experimental model by dietary intervention and studied the metabolic variation with the progress of obesity and insulin resistance. The metabolic differences of chowand high fat-fed rats were analyzed by...

OBJECTIVE To evaluate osteoprotegerin serum concentration (and compare with healthy controls), to estimate the relationship between serum osteoprotegerin and lipid parameters, insulin resistance, and selected inflammatory factors, and to assess the relationship between osteoprotegerin and intima media thickness in patients with metabolic syndrome. PATIENTS AND METHODS A total of 70 individual...

INTRODUCTION Insulin resistance is the pathophysiological key to explain metabolic syndrome. Although clearly useful, the Homeostasis Model Assessment index (an insulin resistance measurement) has not been systematically applied in clinical practice. One of the main reasons is the discrepancy in cut-off values reported in different populations. We sought to evaluate in a Portuguese population t...

Introduction Adipose tissue plays an intriguing role in the endocrine system by producing adipokines [1]. In patients with obesity, metabolic syndrome, and type 2 diabetes (DM2), insulin resistance is influenced by adipokines [1]. From a metabolic point of view, the stress response caused by surgical injury imitates the diabetic state. Stereotypical endocrine-metabolic and inflammatory reaction...

There are several cardiovascular risk factors that accompany the metabolic syndrome: dyslipidemia, elevated blood pressure, elevated glucose and a pro-inflammatory state. The likelihood of an individual developing metabolic syndrome is enhanced by the underlying risk factors: obesity, insulin resistance, lack of physical activity and age. In addition to being at higher risk for atherosclerotic ...

Results Decreased turnover of fat cells and their lipid contents is associated with insulin resistance, dyslipidemia and altered metabolic function of fat cells. Low fat cell turnover leads to adipose hypertrophy which is linked to insulin resistance in subcutaneous fat and to dyslipidemia in visceral fat. A transcription factor (EBF-1) regulates hyperplasia/hypertrophy in human adipose tissue ...

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is associated with insulin resistance. There are also defects in pancreatic beta-cell function in affected women. These abnormalities are heritable. There are post-binding defects in insulin receptor signaling, with selective resistance to insulin's metabolic actions and constitutively activated mitogenic signaling in skeletal muscle. Intrinsic and environmental...

A frightening resurgence of bed bug infestations has occurred over the last 10 years in the U.S. and current chemical methods have been inadequate for controlling this pest due to widespread insecticide resistance. Little is known about the mechanisms of resistance present in U.S. bed bug populations, making it extremely difficult to develop intelligent strategies for their control. We have ide...