Sunitinib is an oral tyrosine kinase inhibitor which prevents tumor growth and metastatic progression. It was approved for treatment of advanced renal cell cancer, gastrointestinal stromal tumor and advanced pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors. It has several adverse reactions on multi organ systems including hematologic system. Although the neutropenia and thrombocytopenia commonly happens as Gra...

Oral cavity metastatic tumors derived from primary other corporal regions are rare, representing barely 1 % of all malignant tumors. Differential diagnosis these lesions is challenging due to the wide spectrum with similar clinical presentation and especially when presence a tumor goes undetected. We present case 55-year-old male painless in anterior maxillary region, vestibular gingiva palate,...

Circulating Tumor Cells (CTCs) are rare cancer cells in blood circulation that are shed from the primary tumor and play key roles in disseminating metastatic tumor cells to remote sites [1,2]. Detection of CTCs has been explored as a non-invasive “liquid biopsy” for tumor diagnosis and prognosis [3–5]. Cancer Stem Cells (CSCs) belong to a subpopulation of undifferentiated tumor cells with embry...

Heterogeneity among cells that constitute a solid tumor is important in determining disease progression. Our previous work established that, within a population of metastatic colonic tumor cells, there are minor subpopulations of cells with stable differences in their intrinsic mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm), and that these differences in ΔΨm are linked to tumorigenic phenotype. Here we...

We aimed to determine the prognostic significance of tumor and lymph node (LN) characteristics on disease free survival (DFS) in patients who underwent surgery for squamous cell vulvar carcinoma. A total of 94 patients who underwent vulvar surgery and groin dissection were included. The impact of clinicopathologic variables such as age, body mass index, tumor size, tumor depth, total and metast...

Squamous cell differentiation (SCD) may occur in papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) only at metastatic sites. We have studied cytokeratin CK5/6 and P63 along with TTF1 (thyroid transcription factor 1)  and B-Raf (V-Raf murine sarcoma viral oncogene homolog B1) immunohistochemical expression in neck lymph node metastases of thyroid PTC showing SCD. The patient (21-years) presented wit...

Objective(s): The growing trend of research demonstrates that dynamic expression of two metastasis repressor classes (metastasis suppressor genes and anti-metastatic miRNA) has a close relationship with tumor invasion and metastasis. Using different strategies, it was revealed that cellular levels of miR-31 and Breast cancer Metastasis Suppressor1 (BRMS1) protein, whic...

Modeling metastasis in vivo with animals is a priority for both revealing mechanisms of tumor dissemination and developing therapeutic methods. While conventional intravenous injection of tumor cells provides an efficient and consistent system for studying tumor cell extravasation and colonization, studying spontaneous metastasis derived from orthotopic tumor sites has the advantage of modeling...

krukenberg tumor is an interesting and rare tumor which usually but not always is metastatic. ovaries more than any other genital pelvic organs are the site of metastasis. endometrium, gastrointestinal tract and breast are the most common primary sites. the best method of treatment is surgery. postoperatively, radiotherapy and chemotherapy must be performed. 3 cases of krukenberg tumor diagnose...

In this case series we present the cases of two patients at a metastatic stage stomach gastrointestinal stromal tumor, who received treatment with imatinib. After period disease stability showed signs resistance to first-line therapy and despite promising switch sunitinib, developed life-threatening complications. Salvage surgeries were performed, aimed preserving life simultaneously reducing t...