Here we describe the metathesis reactions of a strained eight-membered ring that contains both alkene and alkyne functionality. We find that the alkyne metathesis catalyst produces polymer through a ring-opening alkyne metathesis reaction that is driven by the strain release from the monomer. The strained monomer provides unusual reactivity with ruthenium-based alkene metathesis catalysts. We i...

Optimal control is a very important field of study not only in theory but in applications, and stochastic optimal control is also a significant branch of research in theory and applications. Based on the concept of fuzzy process, a fuzzy optimal control problem presented. Applying Bellman’s Principle of Optimality, the principle of optimality for fuzzy optimal control is derived, and then a fun...

Olefin metathesis is a prevailing method for the construction of organic molecules. Recent advancements in olefin metathesis have focused on stereoselective transformations. Ruthenium olefin metathesis catalysts have had a particularly pronounced impact in the area of stereoselective olefin metathesis. The development of three categories of Z-selective olefin metathesis catalysts has made Z-ole...

Previous work for encoding Optimality Theory grammars as finite-state transducers has included two prominent approaches: the socalled ‘counting’ method where constraint violations are counted and filtered out to some set limit of approximability in a finite-state system, and the ‘matching’ method, where constraint violations in alternative strings are matched through violation alignment in orde...

Optimality Theory is an approach to linguistic problems which is based on rules with exceptions, resorting to a ranking among rules to resolve conflicts arising from competing rules. In such a way, dealing with linguistic problems amounts to applying rules with exceptions: That is reasoning. A related issue is then about a formalization of the logic at work. An immediate candidate is Default Lo...

would argue that writing a rule does not constitute a solution to a problem, but merely a statement of it. His thinking at that time was bringing about the shift of focus that he will later describe as the second major revolutionary convulsion in the study of language-the move from systems of rules to systems of principles, the first one having been the introduction of generative grammar itself...

This document contains the abstracts for the accepted presentations. Note that these abstracts are the unedited versions, as we received them from the authors.

This paper provides a brief algebraic characterization of constraint violations in Optimality Theory (OT). I show that if violations are taken to be multisets over a fixed basis set Con then the merge operator on multisets and a ‘min’ operation expressed in terms of harmonic inequality provide a semiring over violation profiles. This semiring allows standard optimization algorithms to be used f...

In recent years, olefin cross metathesis (CM) has emerged as a powerful and convenient synthetic technique in organic chemistry; however, as a general synthetic method, CM has been limited by the lack of predictability in product selectivity and stereoselectivity. Investigations into olefin cross metathesis with several classes of olefins, including substituted and functionalized styrenes, seco...