BACKGROUND Protein energy wasting (PEW) is common in patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) and closely associated with poor outcomes. Insulin resistance and associated alterations in amino acid metabolism are potential pathways leading to PEW. We hypothesized that the measurement of leucine disposal during a hyperinsulinemic- euglycemic-euaminoacidemic clamp (HEAC) procedure would ...

Liquid metal wall concept has received a great deal of attention recently because of its perceived advantages in addressing high heat flux, magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) stability, and other related issues in advanced confinement schemes. Despite its inherent and clear benefits, this concept also poses potentially serious problems from the MHD equilibrium and stability point of view. In particular,...

Reversed Field Pinch (RFP) plasmas exhibit a broad spectrum of MHD activity. The instability underlying much of this activity in the standard RFP discharge has been identified as resistive tearing and is well modelled by nonlinear, resistive MHD. In recent years two additional types of discharge have been produced: those with reduced tearing activity leading to improved confinement and those wi...

Simulated annealing (SA) is applied for three-dimensional (3D) equilibrium calculation of ideal, low-beta reduced MHD in cylindrical geometry. The SA is based on the theory of Hamiltonian mechanics. The dynamical equation of the original system, low-beta reduced MHD in this study, is modified so that the energy changes monotonically while preserving the Casimir invariants in the artificial dyna...

A simple, compact, and systematic derivation is given of the characteristic properties of the magnetohydrodynamic ~MHD! equations with two independent variables ~time-dependent MHD in the xt plane and steady MHD in the xy plane!, based on the symmetrizable Galilean invariant form of the equations and using a matrix approach. A numerically obtained stationary planar field-aligned MHD bow shock f...

OVER three-hundred and thirty years ago, just when England was about to be rent apart by the Civil War, Thomas Browne, a student of Padua and Montpellier and a Doctor of Medicine of both Leiden and Oxford, wrote Religio Medici. This contributed little to religion, but in the stately prose of a bygone age ranged far and wide with protestations of piety and a gentle irony. One of the best known p...

This paper describes an approach to detect the entrance of building with hopeful that it will be applied for autonomous navigation robot. The entrance is an important component which connects internal and external environments of building. We focus on the method of entrance detection using multiple cues. The information of entrance characteristics such as relative height and position on the bui...

This article concentrates on the effect of MHD heat mass transfer on the stagnation point nanofluid flow over a stretching or shrinking sheet with homogeneous-heterogeneous reactions. The flow analysis is disclosed in the neighborhood of stagnation point. Features of heat transport are characterized with Newtonian heating. The homogeneous-heterogeneous chemical reaction between the fluid and di...

We analyze wave propagation in turbulent media using the Gaussian white-noise approximation. We consider two rigorous Gaussian white-noise models: one for the wave field and the other for the Wigner distribution associated with the wave field. Using the white-noise model for the Wigner distribution we show that the interaction of a wave field with the turbulent medium can be characterized in te...

Low background HPGe detectors have been used for many years in the measurement of low activities of radionuclides in various materials. With the increased importance of nuclear forensics, low background detectors are in increasing demand. The endcap and other materials used in low background detector construction must be selected to have the lowest activity possible. In some cases, the material...