The Dynamic Analog Scale (DAS) is introduced as a technique for generating single-item measures of personality traits. The DAS is comprised of extensive trait definitions and an analog scale on which respondents simultaneously rate themselves and others. In two studies the Big Five personality traits were assessed with the DAS and compared to a multiple-item questionnaire that measured the same...

It is well known that utterances convey a great deal of information about the speaker in addition to their semantic content. One such type of information consists of cues to the speaker’s personality traits, the most fundamental dimension of variation between humans. Recent work explores the automatic detection of other types of pragmatic variation in text and conversation, such as emotion, dec...

Personality and intellect are probably the most researched domains of stable and enduring psychological characteristics in the human species. Personality traits and cognitive abilities represent two faces of a human person. However, personality traits are strongly related to other important noncognitive domains, as we have seen in the Chapters 5 and 8. Thus, both faces of our personhood compris...

The psychophysiological correlates of psychopathic traits in normal-range samples have been a topic of recent interest in studies of the biological basis of personality. It is well established that psychopaths demonstrate abnormal patterns of startle potentiation while viewing emotionally evocative pictures, but this effect has not been demonstrated using pictures of facial affect. Recent resea...

BACKGROUND A higher frequency of family meals is associated with good dietary habits in young people. This study focused on the relationships of family meal frequency with food neophobia and personality traits in adolescents. SUBJECTS/METHOD For this purpose, we administered a survey to 495 middle school students in Seoul metropolitan city, after which the data were analyzed using the SPSS (1...

The trait and social cognitive perspectives are considered disparate approaches to understanding personality. We suggest an integrative view in which three elements derived from the social cognitive perspective (i.e., situations, behaviors, and explanations [SBEs]), form the basis of personality traits. Study 1 demonstrated strong associations between traits and SBEs across the Big Five dimensi...

Personality traits are among the most complex quantitative traits. Certain personality traits have been postulated to be part of the inherited component of substance dependence (SD) risk. Association between the M2 cholinergic receptor gene (CHRM2) and SD has recently been reported and replicated (Wang et al. Hum. Mol. Genet. (2004);13:1903-1911; Luo et al. Hum. Mol. Genet. 2005;14:2421-2434). ...