Natural and synthetic estrogens present in municipal wastewater can be biodegraded during treatment, particularly in activated sludge. The objective was to assess the extent of transformation of 17-beta-estradiol (E2) and 17-alpha-ethinylestradiol (EE2) by nitrifying activated sludge and evaluate potential relationships between availability of oxygen, nitrification rate, and estrogen removal. F...

This paper concerns the process of production and properties of pellets based on biomass wastes. Co-pelletization was performed for sewage sludge from municipal wastewater treatment plant and other biomass material such as animal and olive wastes. The aim of the present study was to identify the key factors affecting on the sewage sludge and agricultural residues co-pelletization processes cond...

The aim of this study was to examine sludge granulation during the anaerobic treatment of pre-hydrolysed municipal wastewater. The pretreated wastewater had a total chemical oxygen demand (CODt) of 432 ± 20 mg/l, a soluble COD (CODs) of 259 ± 8 mg/l, volatile fatty acids (VFA) of 101 ± 9 mg/l and suspended solids (SS) of 94 ± 12 mg/l. Prior to entering the digester, the influent was supplemente...

The history of fluidized bed technology dates back 60 years. Gasification of pulverized coal in the Winkler process during the 1920's marked the beginning of fluidized bed application. Consider­ ,able work done during World War II by U.S. oil companies to improve the catalytic cracking of kerosene led to the development of the Fluid Catalytic Cracking process. Fluidized bed technology later exp...

activated sludge is an aerobic biological wastewater treatment process. this process has been efficiently and extensively used for the treatment of industrial and municipal wastewaters since about 100 years ago. some drugs such as antibiotics have adverse effects on the bacteria in activated sludge. cefixime trihydrate is a semi-synthetic antibiotic belonging to the third generation of cephalos...

The occurrence and distribution of synthetic organic substances following application of dried and granulated (hygienized) municipal sewage sludge in Swedish boreal coniferous forests were investigated. Elevated concentrations of triclosan (TCS), polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) were detected in the humus layer. Concentrations of ethinyl estradiol (EE...

Wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) are a significant source for poly-/perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) entering the environment. The presence of PFASs in twenty-eight municipal WWTPs from eleven cites in economically developed areas of China were screened. Overall, perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (PFOS) were dominant in wastewater and sludge, and were not effec...

Membrane bioreactors (MBRs) are applied for municipal wastewater treatment with advantages such as high effluent quality and low footprint. However, membrane fouling is inevitable even at low fluxes. This study aims to provide a deeper understanding of fouling mechanisms and filter cake characteristics based on modeling and results from both full, pilot and lab-scale MBRs. It has been found tha...

The data in this article mainly present the sequences of activated sludge from a full-scale municipal wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) carrying out simultaneous nitrogen and phosphorous removal in Beijing, China. Data include the operational conditions and performance, dominant microbes and taxonomic analysis in this WWTP, and function annotation results based on SEED, Clusters of Orthologous ...

Two porous ceramic carriers (internal active surface 0.04 m2 for carrier I and 0.2 m2 for carrier II) with immobilized activated sludge were the stationary filling of the reactors. Municipal wastewater was treated at hydraulic retention time (HRT) from 70 to 15 min. The efficiency of organic compounds removal from wastewater changed for reactor I from 85.2 to 93.8%, for reactor II from 62.9 to ...