Widespread interest in composting as a means of municipal sludge treatment began in the early 1970s, and has i n c r e d dramatically since that time. In 1984, the U. S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) initiated a technology evaluation of municipal sludge composting based on investigations at five o p erating facilities.' The facilities studied generally processed sludge reliably and effe...

Carbonization is a newly developed process that converts sewage sludge to biocoal, a type of solid biomass that can partially substitute for coal during power generation. This study presents an assessment of the environmental effects of various sewage sludge treatment processes, including carbonization, direct landfills, co-incineration with municipal solid waste, and mono-incineration in Taiwa...

Safe disposal of municipal sewage sludge is a challenging global environmental concern. The aim of this study was to assess the response of soil microbial functional diversity to the accumulation of municipal sewage sludge during landfill storage. Soil samples of a municipal sewage sludge (SS) and from a sewage sludge landfill that was 3 m from a SS landfill (SS3) were analyzed relative to an u...

Removal of five acidic pharmaceuticals (ibuprofen, ketoprofen, naproxen, diclofenac and clofibric acid) by activated sludge from five municipal activated sludge treatment processes, with various sludge ages and nitrification capacities, was assessed through batch experiments. The increase in aerobic sludge age from 1-3 to 7 d seemed to be critical for the removal ofnaproxen and ketoprofen, with...

the evaluation of treatment characteristics and sludge properties of an upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (uasb) process was investigated using a pilot-scale 1.15 m3reactor. the uasb, inoculated with digester sludge, was operated at a hydraulic retention time of 8 h at sewage temperatures ranging from 10.6 to 27.7 °c for more than 1100 days. the stable removal efficiencies for total codcr and ss...

the evaluation of treatment characteristics and sludge properties of an upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (uasb) process was investigated using a pilot-scale 1.15 m3reactor. the uasb, inoculated with digester sludge, was operated at a hydraulic retention time of 8 h at sewage temperatures ranging from 10.6 to 27.7 °c for more than 1100 days. the stable removal efficiencies for total codcr and ss ...

due to uncontrolled dump of dried municipal sludge and its use by farmers as soil conditioner and/or fertilizer, an extensive research was conducted in order to determine the microbiological characteristics of municipal sludges produced at three major cities, namely, qateef, dammam and khobar in the eastern province of saudi arabia. sludge samples were collected, from sand drying beds, twice a ...

Organic fraction of solid waste, which upon degradation produces foul smell and generates pathogens, if not properly managed. Composting is not a method of waste disposal but it is a method of waste recycling and used for agricultural purposes. An integrated approach of composting methodology was tested for municipal solid waste management. Solid waste first was composted and after 22 days, was...

Great attention has been paid to the increasing amount of municipal sludge generated from wastewater treatment plants due to its potential risks to the surrounding environment. The municipal sludge, which mainly composed of polysaccharides, proteins as well as abundant groups of microorganisms, has been proved to be a promising biological material for hydrogen production by anaerobic fermentati...

Municipal sewage sludge is a solid, semisolid, or liquid muddy looking residue that results after plain old sewage (human and other waste from households and industries) is treated at a waste water treatment plant. Recent restrictions on the use of sewage sludge, however, have resulted in increased disposal problems. Sludge contains a variety of organic and inorganic compounds in the waste wate...