background: toxoplasmosis is a worldwide-distributed infection which is mostly asymptomatic but can cause serious health problems in congenitally-infected newborns and immunecompromised individuals. research is undergoing both to improve toxoplasma serological tests, which play the main role in laboratory diagnosis of the infection, and develop an effective vaccine to prevent the infection. som...

Satisfying customer demand necessitates manufacturers understanding the importance of Available-To-Promise (ATP). It directly links available resources to customer orders and has significant impact on overall performance of a supply chain. In this paper, an improvement of the batch-mode ATP function in which the partial fulfillment of the orders is available will be proposed. In other words, in...

When issuing a one-shot or continuous content-based subscription, there is an inherent tradeoff between the privacy of the subscriber and the accuracy of the matching notifications. The former can be described in terms of how well the exposed information uniquely characterized the subscriber, and the latter how well the returned data items match the subscriber’s real interests. In this paper, w...

In this paper, we consider an implicit block backward differentiation formula (BBDF) for solving Volterra Integro-Differential Equations (VIDEs). The approach given in this paper leads to numerical methods for solving VIDEs which avoid the need for special starting procedures. Convergence order and linear stability properties of the methods are analyzed. Also, methods with extensive stability r...

The ciliate class Colpodea provides a powerful case in which a molecular genealogy can be compared to a detailed morphological taxonomy of a microbial group. Previous analyses of the class using the small-subunit rDNA are based on sparse taxon sampling, and are therefore of limited use in comparisons with morphologically-based classifications. Taxon sampling is increased here to include all ord...

Early in the evolution of mammals some lineages veered away from small body size and insectivory, which characterized the earliest mammals, to become larger and herbivorous (e.g., Romer, 1966). Since plant matter is much more difficult to digest than animal matter, because of the high content of structural carbohydrates, such animals should be larger so as to be able to accommodate the more ela...