Non-destructive identification and subsequent age estimation of blood stains are significant steps in forensic casework. The latter can provide important information on the temporal aspects of a crime. As previously shown, visible spectroscopy of blood stains on white backgrounds can successfully be used for their identification and age estimation. The use of this technique however, is hampered...

Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is a recently developed optical technique that produces depth profiles of three-dimensional objects. It is a nondestructive interferometric method responding to refractive index variation in the sample under study and can reach a penetration depth of a few millimetres. OCT employs near-infrared (NIR) light and therefore provides a link between NIR spectroscopy...

objective: it is well-known that all living cells emit ultra-weak photon emission (upe), which is due to byproducts of chemical reactions in cell metabolisms. it has been shown that reactive oxygen species (ros) in the cells enhances the upe intensity. the magnitude of such upe is extremely weak (i.e. a few to 103 photons/ (sec.cm2)), and the detection of such ultra-weak signals is hardly possi...

The potential of visible/near infrared spectra as a method of nondestructive discrimination of various rapeseed cultivars was evaluated, discrimination ability of distance discriminant analysis (DDA) and BP neural network (BPNN) for identification of rapeseed cultivars was shown in this article. The spectral curves ranging from 350 to 2500 nm of rapeseed cultivars were obtained by VIS/NIR spect...

Girón J., Ivorra E., Sánchez A.J., Fernández-Segovia I., Barat J.M., Grau R. (2014): Preliminary study using visible and SW-NIR analysis for evaluating the loss of freshness in commercially packaged cooked ham and Turkey ham. Czech J. Food Sci., 32: 376–383. A non-destructive Vis-NIR spectroscopy (400–1000 nm) method was developed to evaluate the loss of freshness of sliced and commercially pac...

The near-infrared (NIR) spectral region (700-2500 nm) is a fertile source of chemical information in the form of overtone and combination bands of the fundamental infrared absorptions and low-energy electronic transitions. This region was initially perceived as being too complex for interpretation and consequently was poorly utilized. Advances in chemometric techniques that can extract massive ...

Fluorescence spectroscopy is an important analytical tool which is widely employed to study biological systems. This technique can be applied to qualitatively and quantitatively probe protein-ligand interactions primarily because of its sensitivity, selectivity, nondestructive and rapid form of analysis. In this chapter we describe the utility of this technique to establish a label-free, univer...

Near infrared (NIR) spectroscopy technique serves as an important tool for the measurement of moisture content of skin owing to the advantages it has over the other techniques. The purpose of the study is to develop a correlation between NIR spectrometer with electrical conventional techniques for skin moisture measurement. A non-invasive measurement of moisture content of skin was performed on...