Due to the intensive Ph.D. program launched by the Hungarian government 3 years ago, I recently had the chance to be one of the examiners in numerous doctoral exams. Talking to other Hungarian and foreign colleagues, I think that my alarming experience can be generalized: our recent doctors in the field of life sciences are quite outstanding experts in their particular specialized field and res...

In Arabidopsis, CONSTITUTIVE PHOTOMORPHOGENIC/DE-ETIOLATED/FUSCA (COP/DET/FUS) genes act in repression of photomorphogenesis in darkness, and recent reports revealed that some of these genes, such as COP1 and DET1, also have important roles in controlling flowering time and circadian rhythm. The COP/DET/FUS protein COP10 interacts with DET1 and DNA DAMAGE-BINDING PROTEIN 1 (DDB1) to form a CDD ...

ii DEDICATION PAGE I dedicate this thesis to my brother, Josh Holman, whose unwaivering ability to exceed the expectations of every neurosurgeon and neurologist assigned to his case has inspired my study of neuroscience and has continued to provide a constant and marvelous reminder that perceptual limitations do not have to be absolute.

Central retinal artery occlusion is a rare event and the site of obstruction is not usually visible on clinical examination; therefore, the precise cause is often speculative. It is currently believed that the majority of central retinal artery obstruction is caused by thrombus formation. Atherosclerosis is implicated as the contributory event in most cases, although congenital anomaly of the c...

hemostasis using hemostatic forceps for a bleeding Dieulafoy lesion To our knowledge, there have been no reports in the English literature of cases of delayed perforation occurring more than 2 days after hemostasis for gastrointestinal bleeding, including bleeding related to endoscopic submucosal dissection. Additionally, according to previous reports [1,2], in patients with delayed perforation...

Cytomegalovirus culture positive breast milk was obtained from four mothers of very premature babies. The milk was stored at 0-5 degrees C in a domestic refrigerator for 48 hours or frozen for different durations at -20 degrees C. Cytomegalovirus survived in breast milk despite being frozen for 10 days at -20 degrees C.

The cardiorespiratory response to 10 days of continuous recumbency was assessed in 12 healthy men, age 50 +/- 4 years, who underwent supine and upright graded maximal exercise testing before and after bedrest. The decrease in peak oxygen uptake after bedrest was greater during upright exercise (15.1%, p less than 0.05) than during supine exercise (6.1%, NS): from 25.8 +/- 5.2 to 21.9 +/- 4.5 ml...

Intraaortic balloon pumping (IABP) is a useful therapy for refractory heart failure. However, the safe duration of this therapy and possible complications due to long-term IABP support remain unclear. In this study, we reviewed retrospectively patients requiring the long-term use of IABP, defined here as 10 days or more, to estimate the background and prognosis of patients undergoing long-term ...