The set of realizable refractive indices as a function of frequency is considered. For passive media we give bounds for the refractive index variation in a finite bandwidth. Special attention is given to the loss and index variation in the case of left-handed materials.

Anna Demming Publishing Editor, IOP Publishing, Bristol, UK Refractive index effects using nanoscale systems are frequently applied in new imaging, sensing and even visibility cloaking technology. In this issue, researchers in Japan use simulations and experiments to describe the confinement of optical vortices in nanoscale fin structures and the sensitivity of these systems to the refractive i...

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castor oil due to extraordinary physicochemical properties has numerous applications in pharmaceutical, chemical, hygienic, biodiesel and nowadays in food industries. during plant growth and development, as well as during postharvest and processing, different factors may affect caster oil properties. this study was conducted to evaluate oil content and physiochemical properties under different ...