Objective To determine whether the author’s 20.9 lb (9.5 kg) carbon frame bicycle reduced commuting time compared with his 29.75 lb (13.5 kg) steel frame bicycle. Design Randomised trial. Setting Sheffield and Chesterfield, United Kingdom, between mid-January 2010 and mid-July 2010. ParticipantsOneconsultant inanaesthesiaand intensivecare. Main outcome measure Total time to complete the 27 mile...

The columns of frame structures are the key load-bearing components and the exterior columns are susceptible to attack in terrorist blasts. When subjected to blast loads, the columns would suffer a loss of bearing capacity to a certain extent due to the damage imparted which may lead to their collapse and even cause the progressive collapse of the whole structure . The concrete-filled steel col...

In this study a Dynamic Electronic Speckle Pattern Intereferometry (ESPI) method was applied to investigate deformation field of small industrial elements. In the proposed phase analysis method, the interference signal is considered in time domain and the phase was analyzed by Hilbert transform method. Two experiments were performed, with in-plane and out-of-plane sensitive systems in order to ...

A validated numerical model for in-plane stress/strain prediction is essential in understanding the deformation behaviour of sheet metal forming process, in particular, asymmetric deep drawing of advanced high strength steel sheet. In this work, the Yld2000-2d anisotropic yield criterion integrated with the initial homogeneous anisotropic hardening model was employed to describe the complex mat...

Strengthening of the existing seismically deficient reinforced concrete (RC) buildings is an important issue in earthquake prone regions. Addition of RC shear wall as infill or external walls into the structural system has been a commonly preferred strengthening technique since the Big Erzincan Earthquake occurred in Turkey, 1992. The newly added rigid infill walls act primarily as shear walls ...

A finite-element model, CON2D, has been developed to simulate temperature, stress, and shape development during the continuous casting of steel, both in and below the mold. The stress model features an elastic-viscoplastic creep constitutive equation that accounts for the different responses of the liquid, semi-solid, delta-ferrite, and austenite phases. Temperature and composition-dependent fu...

Quasi-static and dynamic damage mechanisms in alumina tiles were investigated. The tiles were under a variety of boundary conditions at the tile's edges during impact NATO 0.3 cal. AP rounds with hardened and sharpened steel core were used. The alumina tile samples were 50x50 mm2 area, the thicknesses ranging from 5 to 12 mm. 'he tiles were mounted in a special confinement frame, which enabled ...