In many markets consumers incur search costs and firms choose a long-run pricing strategy that determines how they respond to market conditions. A pricing strategy may involve commitments to take actions that do not optimize short-term revenue given the information the firm learns about demand. For example, as already suggested in the literature, the firm could commit to a single price no matte...

Abstract: Along with technological developments, the world of marketing has now changed. Studying E-consumer behavior from a renewable aspect is needed to create practical and efficient marketing, research that refers digital (Digital Marketing), especially E-Marketing marketplace. This study examines online consumer focuses on purchasing decisions factors influence it, namely: customer reviews...

An auctioneer sells a single unit to a group of bidders using a second price auction. A subset of these bidders possess a coupon entitling them to a discount off the winning bid in the event they win the auction. Bidders without the coupon are at a disadvantage relative to the situation when nobody has any coupons. Therefore, in a loose sense, these bidders end up sponsoring the coupon, at leas...

Is the cost of living higher for the poor? Recent studies based on unit values (the ratio of expenditure to quantity) suggest that poor households pay substantially higher prices because liquidity constraints force them to purchase goods in small quantities and not realize bulk discounts. Unit values are subject to several biases and reflect economizing choices made by households, so they may n...

To justify substantial emission reductions, recent literature on cost-benefit analysis of climate change suggests discounting environment consumption with an environmental discount rate instead of a consumption discount rate that is usually used in cost-benefit analysis. The present study clarifies that whether or not this dual-rate discounting approach succeeds in justifying substantial emissi...

ing from discount window shocks I first consider the case in which shocks emanating from the discount window, υ, are small enough to ignore. To remove the effects of ε from NBR, CEE make the following identification assumption: that aggregate output, y, and the aggregate price level, p, contemporaneously reflect the effects of ε, and not the effects of μ. Their a priori reasoning behind this cr...

In markets where consumers have switching costs and firms cannot price discriminate, firms have two conflicting strategies. A firm can either offer a low price to attract new consumers and build future market share or a firm can offer a high price to exploit the partial lock-in of their existing consumers. This paper develops a theory of competition when overlapping generations of consumers hav...

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In this paper we study the effect of dynamic behavior of the market on the optimum pricing policy for a revenue maximizing firm in a monopoly market. We show that the optimum pricing policy in the dynamic market can be very different from the static one, and the most important contributing factors for this difference are: consumer response time, planning period and the discount rate. Furt...

One of the business fields in field secondary/tertiary needs that is growing quite rapidly Indonesia and city Karawang, to be precise, cosmetics. cosmetic are experiencing improvement skincare. marketing techniques companies use attract consumers Electronic Word Of Mouth or eWOM. In addition, factor price discounts can also greatly influence purchase decision a product by potential customers co...