Gender expresses the social and cultural identity of men and women in society. It has balance or not, considering various factors such as cultural, religious and social beliefs, norms and values, the level of women and men's liberties in the family and society, the structure of power (patriarchy and maternity) and the degree of their cooperation in providing livelihoods. The purpose of this pap...

conics or the science of conic sections is one of the highest theoretical topics of geometry in classical antiquity and the middle ages. it was also studied for its practical applications. in this paper, we first present a short history of conics in antiquity and the islamic civilization, then we show how this discipline was introduced in persian textbooks in the qajar period and a little after...

iranian historical houses constitute a significant part of the architectural heritage of the country both qualitatively and quantitatively though due research is not conducted on them. this study investigates t0he physical evolution of qajar house of baqeri in gorganand attempts to monitor life stream over its lifespan. the study also investigates the effect of external transformations on archi...

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looking from an historical perspective, it can be seen that many civilizations have lived in the country and consequently produced many different cultures and architectural products. one of the oldest cities which contain such historical examples which have lived until present is tabriz. its traditional houses are the most important places to represent the life style of the past. lack of recogn...

one of the public places in any given city is a place to have some fun. the most important feature of islamic cities is the emphasis on gender segregation in public places and special required conditions for men and women to attend public places. tehran as the most important metropolis in iran and the capital of an islamic country, has been witnessing a lot of changes in its leisure places look...