Intra-individual variability in the magnitude of human cerebrovascular and respiratory chemoreflex responses is largely unexplored. By comparing response magnitudes of cerebrovascular CO2 reactivity (CVR; middle and posterior cerebral arteries; MCA, PCA), central (CCR; CO2) and peripheral respiratory chemoreflexes (PCR; CO2 and O2), we tested the hypothesis that a within-individual reactivity m...

AIM To determine the efficiency of HIV DNA PCR (qualitative) and HIV RNA PCR (quantitative) to detect or rule out HIV infection in infants born to HIV infected mothers. SETTING Pediatric and perinatal HIV clinic in a tertiary pediatric hospital. STUDY DESIGN Prospective study METHODS AND MATERIALS 52 infants born to HIV positive mother were tested for HIV infection by HIV DNA PCR or HIV-1...

Since its invention in 1985 the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) has become a well-established method for amplification and detection of segments of double-stranded DNA. Incorporation of fluorogenic probe or DNA intercalating dyes (such as SYBR Green) into the PCR mixture allowed real-time reaction monitoring and extraction of quantitative information (qPCR). Probes with different excitation spe...

The reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) has become widely used for monitoring minimal residual disease after allogeneic stem cell transplantation (SCT) for chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). However, most of these studies were performed using qualitative RT-PCR, and the interpretation of the results obtained has been conflicting. The correlation of a quantitative RT-PCR test p...

Hundreds of viruses cause central nervous system (CNS) disease, including meningoencephalitis and postinfectious encephalomyelitis, in humans. The cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is abnormal in >90% of cases; however, routine CSF studies only rarely lead to identification of a specific etiologic agent. Diagnosis of viral infections of the CNS has been revolutionized by the advent of new molecular dia...

The objective of the present study was to develop a simplified low cost method for the collection and fixation of pediatric autopsy cells and to determine the quantitative and qualitative adequacy of extracted DNA. Touch and scrape preparations of pediatric liver cells were obtained from 15 cadavers at autopsy and fixed in 95% ethanol or 3:1 methanol:acetic acid. Material prepared by each fixat...

DNA detection of porcine species in processed meat samples (shredded meat) was carried out as an effort to enrich the literature and reference alternative testing methods control halal products circulating Indonesia. The purpose this study detect using real-time PCR. research method used is a qualitative technique. This technique analyzes CT value sample compared positive by looking at formatio...

Adenovirus infection is becoming increasingly recognized as a cause of morbidity and mortality in the immunosuppressed patient population. While early detection and quantitation of adenovirus in peripheral blood has been suggested as a means of directing and monitoring antiviral therapy in these patients, few methods have been published, particularly with respect to viral quantitation. A multip...

BACKGROUND The high cost of commercial HIV-1 viral load tests for monitoring of patients on antiretroviral treatment limits their use in resource-constrained settings. Commercial genotypic antiretroviral resistance testing is even more costly, yet it provides important benefits. OBJECTIVES We sought to determine the sensitivity and negative predictive value of a qualitative PCR targeting part...

OBJECTIVE In a trial to improve the diagnostic efficacy of conventional urine cytology we determine survivin RNA and matrix metalloproteinase 2 and 9 in urine of bladder cancer cases. METHOD Voided urine specimens were collected from patients with histologically confirmed bladder urothelial carcinoma (Group 1; n=46), urological patients without urothelial carcinoma (Group 2; n=20), and health...