the process of determining the minimum pass level to separate the competent students from those who do not perform well enough is called standard setting. a large number of methods are widely used to set cut-scores for both written and clinical examinations. there are some challenging issues pertaining to any standard setting procedure. ignoring these concerns would result in a large dispute re...

background: if you want to start a long journey towards patient safety, you should create a good culture of patient safety among employees alongside structural interventions. the first step in doing so is the assessment of current culture in the organization using different tools. one of the most commonly used instruments of measuring patient safety culture is hospital survey of patient safety ...

background: the job content questionnaire (m-jcq) is an established self-reported instrument used across the world to measure the work dimensions based on the karasek's demand-control-support model. objective: to evaluate the psychometrics properties of the malay version of m-jcq among nurses in malaysia. methods: this cross-sectional study was carried out on nurses working in 4 public hospital...

background: dysphagia as a common condition affecting many aspects of the patient’s life. the dysphagia handicap index (dhi) is a reliable self-reported questionnaire developed specifically to measure the impact of dysphagia on the patient’s quality of life. the aim of this study was to translate the questionnaire to persian and to measure its validity and reliability in patients with neurogeni...

objective: this study aimed to determine the psychometric properties of sociocultural attitude towards appearance questionnaire in female adolescents. method: this was a methodological study. the english version of the questionnaire was translated into persian, using forward-backward method. then the face validity, content validity and reliability were checked. to ensure face validity, the ques...

The present exploratory study aimed to provide a more tangible and comprehensive picture of the construct of investment in language learning through investigating the issue from a quantitative perspective. To this end, the present researchers followed three main phases. First, a hypothesized model of investment in language learning with six components was developed for the Iranian English as a ...

background: it is believed that improved safety culture/climate is a fundamental element to accident prevention. therefore, development a scale to assess safety climate is a step towards accident control. the purpose of this study was to construct a persian safety climate questionnaire. methods: the study took place in tehran and esfahan oil refineries in iran in 2010. an initial questionnaire ...

Reliability and Validity 2 Instrument Reliability and Validity: Introductory Concepts and Measures Instrument validity and reliability have often been both misunderstood and under emphasized in the social scientific literature. In truth, these phenomena lie at the heart of competent and effective study. How productive can one's research to be if the instrument that he or she implemented does no...

aims: evaluation of patient satisfaction (ps) is one of the most essential factors in improving the quality of healthcare systems. the aim of this study is to determine the norms and to evaluate the validity and reliability of the najmiyeh outpatients satisfaction questionnaire (nosq). methods and materials: this study has been conducted on 240 outpatients in najmiyeh subspecialty hospital (teh...

Background and Purpose—Standard aphasia scales such as the Boston Diagnosis Aphasia Evaluation are inappropriate for use in acute stroke. Likewise, global stroke scales do not reliably detect aphasia, and existing brief aphasia screening scales suitable for patients with stroke have several limitations. The objective of this study was to generate and validate a bedside language screening tool, ...