Aquaculture, the farming of fish and aquatic crops such as kelp and algae, is classically done in natural bodies of water. In land-based recirculating aquaculture systems (RAS), however, tanks or raceways contain the farmed species and the water is circulated through a treatment system. Benefits compared to traditional farming in open cages include reduced emissions of nutrients, less risk of i...

The present investigation was carried out in a holistic mode to study the interactions among integrated farming system (IFS) components and develop design sustainable IFS model which is technologically sound, economically viable, environmentally benign, socially acceptable for middle Indo-Gangetic Plains. For efficient utilization of farm resources enhance income per unit area land, 10 models h...

This paper deals with a technical description of an expert system for the freshwater fish-farming industry. The expert system is connected with on-site measurement equipment and by means of expert control rules supervises and controls the fish production process. Additional features such as server-clients communication via the Internet and an ability to extend a rule-base with new expert knowle...

the present study investigated factors affecting risk management by women rice farmers in the township of sari in iran. the statistical population comprised 1677 women who cultivate rice in sari; 248 women were selected for the study using stratified random sampling. the data was analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics with spsswin16 software. the chronbach’s alpha was 0.84 and th...

Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is both a major crop species and the key model grass for molecular and physiological research. Mitochondria are important in rice, as in all crops, as the main source of ATP for cell maintenance and growth. However, the practical significance of understanding the function of mitochondria in rice is increased by the widespread farming practice of using hybrids to boost ric...

The impact of climate change does not only affect the production aspects but also on household income and other socioeconomic aspects. The research aims to determine the household economic behaviors of rice farmers in decision-making with relation to the production risks due to climate change and determine the farmer’s adaptation strategies in the face of climate change. The approach taken is t...

A tentative list of ecological attributes; diversity, cycling, stability and capacity, is proposed for quantification and ranking of farming systems along a hypothetical scale of increasing ecological sustainability. The modelling and preliminary analysis of four rice-based systems from the Philippines, two on-station experimental systems and two smallholder farms, confirms our intuitive percep...

Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) is an effective method for the physical mapping of genes and repetitive DNA sequences on chromosomes. Physical mapping of unique nucleotide sequences on specific rice chromosome regions was performed using a combination of chromosome identification and highly sensitive FISH. Increases in the detection sensitivity of smaller DNA sequences and improvement...

The practical difficulties in measuring the prevalence, incidence, and pathogenicity of diseases in wild Atlantic salmon populations cause serious problems in determining the possible implications of disease. Limited research has been undertaken on wild salmon disease associated with environmental effects of fish farming, or with the disease implications of possible changes to the genetic make-...