Lumped-conceptual rainfall-runoff models are a ‘stock in trade’ tool for those working in the water industry and allied fields. However, there are many alternative models available, and sometimes multiple implementations of the same model. The consequence of this is a plethora of models with different operational features and different access arrangements. Similarly, there are a variety of opti...

Fast urbanization and industrialization in developing countries result in significant stormwater runoff pollution, due to drastic changes in land-use, from rural to urban. A three-year study on the stormwater runoff pollutant loading distributions of industrial, parking lot and mixed commercial and residential catchments was conducted in the Tongsha reservoir watershed of Dongguan city, a typic...

In this study two approaches are used to predict winter storm flow coefficients in meso-scale basins (10 km2 to 1000 km2) with a view to regionalization. The winter storm flow coefficient corresponds to the ratio between direct discharge and rainfall. It is basin specific and supposed to give an integrated response to rainfall. The two approaches, which used the permeability of the substratum a...

rainfall-runoff modeling is most important component in the water resource management of river basins. the successful application of a conceptual rainfall-runoff model depends on how well it is calibrated. the degree of difficulty in solving the global optimization method is generally dependent on the dimensionality of the model and certain of the characteristics of object function. the purpose...

In October 2011, the Swiss Alps underwent a marked rain-on-snow (ROS) event when a large snowfall on 8 and 9 October was followed by intense rain on 10 October. This resulted in severe flooding in some parts of Switzerland. Model simulations were carried out for 14 meteorological stations in two affected regions of the Swiss Alps using the detailed physics-based snowpack model SNOWPACK. We also...

Given the growing complexity of water-resources management there will be an increasing need for integrated tools to support policy analysis, communication, and research. A key aspect of the design is the combination of process models from different scientific disciplines in an integrated system. In general these models differ in sensitivity and accuracy, while non-linear and qualitative models ...

The rainfall-runoff relationship is one of the most complex hydrological phenomena. In recent years, hydrologists have successfully applied backpropagation neural network as a tool to model various nonlinear hydrological processes because of its ability to generalize patterns in imprecise or noisy and ambiguous input and output data sets. However, the backpropagation neural network convergence ...

A study was conducted to estimate the retention efficiency of vegetative buffers for Escherichia coli deposited on grasslands in cattle fecal deposits and subject to natural rainfall-runoff conditions. The study was conducted on annual grasslands in California's northern Sierra Nevada foothills, a region with a distinct wet-dry season Mediterranean climate. We used 48, 2.0- by 3.0-m runoff plot...