Among the many surviving architectural edifices of the pre-Safavid Islamic era in Iran, there are mainly the burial places, religious and public benefit buildings. However, as a matter of fact, throughout a time span of a thousand years, from the beginning of Islam until the Safavids, there is not a considerable number of palaces which belong to the pre-Safavid Iran. Therefore, the main questio...

Iran’s armaments, dating back to ancient times, adore Iran and the world’s museums. The main focus of the research is study of Iran’s armaments in Islamic period by relying on the information of Islamic treasury in Iran National Museum. The major part of the information revolves around three main categories of military equipment, military organizations, and metalwork of Iran. The research quest...

Gilding on stone is a worthwhile ornaments. These ornaments are vulnerable because of their multilayer structure. This art has been used in the objects and architectural ornaments. Nowadays, a few of these ornaments has been identified. Perhaps this is related to vulnerability of gilding. In this research the technical characteristics of a sample of these decorations in Vank Cathedral belonging...

Among the Safavid and especially Qajar periods works, many Orsies have remained in the Sanandaj houses. Orsi has had an especial degree, although these houses have many decorations. This study is to answer some questions and to prove some drawn hypothesis on its history, making and characteristic of the Orsi ـ making in Sanandaj. In this study it has been applies to look at the importance and p...

The hunting & animal patterns is indeed one of the most important & effective motifs which can be seen in Persian Art since ancient times. For a long period of time, these motifs (which include religious & old mythological concepts, and tell about the geographical & natural human being environment, as well as his own desires, his domineeringness, and struggle for survival), have been designed &...

The kingship of Shah Abbas was contemporary with one of the most critical period in the Safavid era. One of the main challenges of the Safavid government at this time was how to deal with the neighboring states. One of Shah Abbas's first steps to address the challenges was to enable diplomacy and to send numerous communications to the neighboring states. In addition to introducing the correspon...