A pre-consolidated thermoplastic advanced composite cross-ply sheet comprised of two uniaxial plies orientated at 0/90 has been thermoformed using tooling based on the double-dome bench-mark geometry. Mitigation of wrinkling was achieved using springs to apply tension to the forming sheet rather than using a friction-based blank-holder. The shear angle across the surface of the formed geometry ...

It is known that nanocrystallites can form in shear bands produced during severe bending or high-energy ball milling of thin ribbons of a metallic glass. We present direct experimental evidence that highly confined and controlled local contact at the ultrafine scale in the form of quasi-static nanoindentation of a bulk glassy metal alloy at room temperature can also cause nanocrystallization. A...

ABSTRACT: Discrete element method offers insights into the soil behaviour at the microscopic level. In this investigation, a series of numerical direct shear tests is carried out by a three-dimensional discrete element code PFC. The size of the shear box is 6 cm long, 3 cm wide and 4 cm high. Non-spherical shaped particles are created by joining primary constitutive spherical balls together wit...

Wall-bounded flows at high Reynolds number are characterized by high rates of shear at the walls. Resolving the flow near the wall, is critical to correctly reproducing the turbulence. In the present paper, we show that the accurate prediction of spatially varying wall shear stress requires additional near-wall resolution for large eddy simulation. We also demonstrate the advantage of the use o...

A shear-improved Smagorinsky model is introduced based on recent results concerning shear effects in wall-bounded turbulence by Toschi et al. (2000). The Smagorinsky eddyviscosity is modified as νT = (Cs∆) (|S|−|〈S〉|): the magnitude of the mean shear |〈S〉| is subtracted to the magnitude of the instantaneous resolved strain-rate tensor |S|; here CS is the standard Smagorinsky constant and ∆ deno...

The goal of this study was improvement of sandy soil using a combination of polystyrene foam container waste and Portland cement. For this purpose, Babolsar sand was used as the base soil. Strips of disposable polystyrene foam container waste in “chips” of 50 ´ 5 mm and 50 ´ 10 mm were added to the soil at 0.0%, 0.1%, 0.2% and 0.3% by weight along with 3% Portland cement at a relative density o...

b ackground: mediterranean type of visceral leishmaniasis (vl) is present in different parts of iran. several studies have identified dogs as the main reservoirs of the vl caused by leishmania infantum in iran and other mediterranean regions. this study aimed to determine the seroprevalence of canine visceral leishmaniasis as animal reservoir host for human visceral leishmaniasis in boyer ahmad...

With the population growth and consequently the requirement for development of civil constructions, it is necessary to design appropriate foundations for resisting structural loads. Soil weakness in bearing capacity of geotechnical elements has forced the researchers to continuously follow a solution to compensate for this deficiency. Within the past two decades, many studies have been carried ...

The energy evolution in buoyancy-generated turbulence subjected to shear depends on the gradient Richardson number Ri and the stratification number St, which is a ratio of the time scale of the initial buoyancy fluctuations to the time scale of the mean stratification. During an initial period, the flow state evolves as in the unsheared case. After this period, shear generates fluctuating veloc...