background carrying heavy backpacks by school students at growth age can cause irreversible physical harms. this study aimed to investigate the relationship between backpack weight and the incidence of lordosis, kyphosis, scoliosis, and dropped shoulders in elementary school students. materials and methods this descriptive-analytical study was conducted in 2015 in abadan, iran, and 383 elementa...

Gödel's legacy is still very much in evidence. We will not attempt to properly discuss the full impact of his work and all of the ongoing important research programs that it suggests. This would require a book length manuscript. Indeed, there are several books discussing the Gödel legacy from many points of view, including, for example, [Wa87], [Wa96], [Da05], and the historically comprehensive...

BACKGROUND The conventional measuring method for glenoid version is greatly influenced by the scapular body shape that varies widely between patients. We postulated that the glenoid vault version could be more useful than the conventional glenoid version in clinical cases. OBJECTIVES The purposes of this study were to compare the values of glenoid version measured with the conventional method...

CT demonstration of lower cervical spine detail is often limited by a streak artifact created by the shoulders within the tomographic field of view (Fig. 1). The patient may be instructed to hold the shoulders low; however, this position is difficult to maintain without moving throughout the often lengthy examination. Various methods for achieving optimal CT cervical spine images have been desc...

PURPOSE To assess the importance of the dynamic movement of the long head of the biceps (LHB) tendon for treatment of frozen shoulder. METHODS 87 consecutive patients (with 88 frozen shoulders) aged 36 to 77 (mean, 54) years underwent arthroscopic capsular release by a single surgeon. Preoperative treatments included rehabilitation, steroid and/or hyaluronic acid injections. The inclusion cri...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE To determine the efficacy and safety of a new method for treating acne scarring over a short-term period of 2 months and a long-term period of 6 months. MATERIALS AND METHODS Six faces and 13 shoulders or backs for a total of 19 patients were treated, all of which displayed varying degrees of acne scarring, from moderate to severe. A newly developed high-power unipola...

OBJECTIVE To study fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) deposition in different vascular beds and in the large joints of patients with isolated polymyalgia rheumatica (PMR), and to investigate whether there is a relation between FDG-positron emission tomography (PET) results and risk of relapse. METHODS All consecutive patients with isolated PMR underwent a FDG-PET scan before treatment with steroids was...