the emergent abdominal surgeries from either of traumatic or non traumatic causes can result in situations in which the abdominal wall cannot initially be closed. many techniques have been reported for temporary coverage of the exposed viscera, but the result of various techniques remains unclear. during 94 months, 19 critically ill patients whit an open abdomen underwent surgery using plastic ...

In the area of qualitative spatial reasoning, the LR calculus is a quite simple constraint calculus that forms the core of several orientation calculi like the dipole calculi and the OPRA1 calculus. For many qualitative spatial calculi, algebraic closure is applied as standard polynomial time decision procedure. For a long time it was believed that this can decide the consistency of scenarios o...

Properties like logical closure and consistency are important properties in any logical reasoning system. Caminada and Amgoud showed that not every logic-based argument system satisfies these relevant properties. But under conditions like closure under contraposition or transposition of the monotonic part of the underlying logic, ASPIC-like systems satisfy these properties. In contrast, the log...

BACKGROUND Fasciotomy incisions for limb compartment syndrome usually cannot be closed primarily. The conventional method of wound closure with split-thickness skin grafting is effective, but it results in an insensate and disfiguring wound and is associated with donor site morbidity. We present our experience in delayed primary closure of fasciotomy wounds with Wisebands (WB), a skin- and soft...

The substitution composition of two disjoint graphs G1 and G2 is obtained by first removing a vertex x from G2 and then making every vertex in G1 adjacent to all neighbours of x in G2. Let F be a family of graphs defined by a set Z of forbidden configurations. Giakoumakis [V. Giakoumakis, On the closure of graphs under substitution, Discrete Mathematics 177 (1997) 83–97] proved that F, the clos...

glutathione s-transferases (gsts) are members of multigenic family which have the essential functionin cells as an antioxidant. in the present study we studied the polymorphism of gstt1 and gstm1 deletion genotypes in iranian patients with primary closed angle glaucoma (pcag) compared to healthy subjects. we conducted a study of 41 pcag patients (24 women, 17 men) and 100 healthy participants (...

In this paper, the notions of anti-reflexive kernel, symmetric kernel, reflexive closure, and symmetric closure of a soft set relation are first introduced, respectively. Then, their accurate calculation formulae and some properties are obtained. Finally, soft set relation mappings and inverse soft set relationmappings are proposed, and some related properties are discussed. © 2010 Elsevier Ltd...

In this paper, we introduce the concept of linear v{C}ech closure spaces and establish the properties of open sets in linear v{C}ech closure spaces (Lv{C}CS). Here, we observe that the concept of linearity is preserved by semi-open sets, g-semi open sets, $gamma$-open sets, sgc-dense sets and compact sets in Lv{C}CS. We also discuss the concept of relative v{C}ech closure operator, meet and pro...

Simple first-order closure remains an attractive way of formulating equations for complex canopy flows when the aim is to find analytic or simple numerical solutions to illustrate fundamental physical processes. Nevertheless, the limitations of such closures must be understood if the resulting models are to illuminate rather than mislead. We propose five conditions that first-order closures mus...