The aim of this editorial note is to interpreter the assumption that muscle fiber has indeed memory ability. Muscle memory is a relatively new feature of all the characteristics ascribed to skeletal muscle cell (fiber). Muscle cell capacity to unite and fuse with a neighboring cell is defined as 'syncytium' and it exists in the first cell development, but also as a result of the development of ...

P atients present with symptoms. Doctors are trained to recognise disease. There is no better illustration of these two different paradigms than cough. Unfortunately for the patient, the sensory input triggering the cough reflex may arise from anywhere in the territory of the vagus nerve. Thus, chronic cough may be caused by conditions treated by at least three different specialists—the ENT sur...

Metal ion-mediated electrostatic interactions are critical to RNA folding. Although considerable progress has been made in mechanistic studies, the problem of accurate predictions for the ion effects in RNA folding remains unsolved, mainly due to the complexity of several potentially important issues such as ion correlation and dehydration effects. In this chapter, after giving a brief overview...

The interaction between some heavy metal ions such as of Pb(II), Cd(II) and Cu(II) ions from aqueous solution adsorbed by single walled carbon nanotube (SWCNTs) and carboxylate group functionalized single walled carbon nanotube (SWCNT-COOH) surfaces were studied by atomic absorption spectroscopy. The effect of contact time, pH, initial concentration of ion, ionic strength and temperature on the...

in present study, molecular dynamics simulation of cadmium (ii), lead (ii) and copper (ii) removal from aqueous electrolyte solutions using the ion-exchange process with the zeolite particles was done. the results showed that, most of the particles had the highest affinity of ion exchanging with lead (ii) and the lowest affinity with copper (ii). the calculated mean ion-exchange ratios showed t...

Spectroscopic techniques such as UV/vis, NMR, and Raman are powerful tools for the investigation of chemical speciation in solution. However, it is not widely recognized that such techniques do not always provide reliable information about ion association equilibria. Specifically, spectroscopic measurements do not in general produce thermodynamically meaningful association constants for non-con...

In this survey adsorption of some heavy metals such as cobalt and lead on montmorillonite and montmorillonite/copper oxide nano-composite is reported. Adsorption percent and adsorption capacity were studied under different conditions such as pH concentration of metal ions amount of clay and interaction time. The results show that an increase in absorption percent and absorption capacity wit...

Modern diagnostic methods enable clinicians to look beyond a diagnosis of chronic Q fever and discern whether patients instead have persistent focalized Coxiella burnetii infection(s). Use of these methods and development of criteria to define and treat such infections, especially cardiovascular infections, will improve the prognosis for patients previously thought to have chronic Q fever.

Given that the core issues of attention research have been recognized for millenia, we do not know as much about attention as we should. I argue that the reasons for this failure are (1) we create spurious dichotomies, (2) we reify attention, treating it as a cause, when it is an effect, and (3) we equate a collection of facts with a theory. In order to correct these errors, we need a new techn...