One strategy for arguing that it should be legally permissible to create human embryos, or to use spare human embryos, for scientific research purposes involves the claim that such embryos cannot be persons because they are not human individuals while twinning may yet take place. Being a human individual is considered to be by most people a necessary condition for being a human person. I argue ...

Objectives: Abortion can be stressful for the family and may lead to psychological problems. The question arises whether religious attitudes restructured into women who experience induced spontaneous abortions. In this regard, present study aimed investigate relationship of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) after therapeutic abortion (Induced spontaneous) with mother’s spiritual experiences...

Harris begins his provocative paper in this way: I make two appeals to consistency, or to “parity of reasoning,” that I believe show that no one who either has used or intends to use sexual reproduction as their means of procreation, nor indeed anyone who has unprotected heterosexual intercourse, nor anyone who finds in vitro fertilization (IVF) acceptable, nor anyone who believes that abortion...