The autonomous energetic system is for a residential building and it has as primary sources exclusively renewable resources (biomass and solar energy). For obtaining electrical energy, photovoltaic sources and a Stirling engine are used. They operate simultaneously in 1:3 ratio – electrical/thermal energy. Solar collectors and a pellet boiler are used to cover the necessary of thermal energy. T...

The zeroth and first laws of thermodynamics define the concepts of thermal equilibrium and thermal energy. The second law of thermodynamics determines whether a particular transfer of thermal energy can occur. Collectively, these fundamental laws of nature imply that a closed collection of thermodynamic subsystems will tend to thermal equilibrium. This paper generalizes the concepts of energy, ...

      In this work, thermal degradation behavior of a fuel-rich energetic mixture containing epoxy binder was studied by thrmogravimetric analysis and differential scanning calorimetry under dynamic nitrogen atmosphere at different heating rates. Variation of the thermal degradation activation energy of the mixture was evaluated by differential and integral isoconversional methods via ...

the main objective of this study was to investigate how months cluster in any thermal regions based on temperature. for this purpose, the mean of daily temperature data have been provided using 620 synoptic and climatology stations. then, mean temperature was converted for any station, based on solar calendar, and maps of mean daily temperature have been interpolated using kriging method. spati...

To investigate a recent proposal that J/ψ production in ultra-relativistic nuclear collisions is of thermal origin we have reanalyzed the data from the NA38/50 collaboration within a thermal model including charm. Comparison of the calculated with measured yields demonstrates the non-thermal origin of hidden charm production at SPS energy. However, the ratio ψ ′ /(J/ψ) exhibits, in central nucl...

There is growing interest in zero-energy and low-energy buildings, which have a net energy consumption (on an annual basis) of almost zero. Because they can generate both electricity and thermal energy through the use of solar photovoltaic (PV) and solar thermal collectors, and with the help of reduced building thermal demand, low-energy buildings can not only make a significant contribution to...

Background: In neutron interaction with matter and reduction of neutron energy due to multiple scatterings to the thermal energy range, increasing the probability of thermal neutron capture by neutron captures makes dose enhancement in the tumors loaded with these materials. Objective: The purpose of this study is to evaluate dose distribution in the presence of 10B, 157Gd and 33S neutron...

Free energy and entropy are examined in detail from the standpoint of classical thermodynamics. The approach is logically based on the fact that thermodynamic work is mediated by thermal energy through the tendency for nonthermal energy to convert spontaneously into thermal energy and for thermal energy to distribute spontaneously and uniformly within the accessible space. The fact that free en...