OBJECTIVE To estimate adherence and persistence with etanercept plus methotrexate (ETN-MTX) combination therapy and MTX, hydroxychloroquine, and sulfasalazine triple therapy at 1 year following treatment initiation in adults with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). METHODS This retrospective analysis used data from the Truven Health MarketScan Commercial and Medicare Supplemental databases from Januar...

polymerization of styrene in presence of two monofunctional initiators is studied kinetically in an ampoule scale. polymerizations were ceased at different conversions for each ampoule while the temperature was increased almost linearly during the reaction. three different initiator mixtures were used. the first mixtures were composed of benzoil peroxide (bpo) and t-butyl perbenzoate (tbpb) wit...

Consider a 0–1 observation matrix M , where rows correspond to entities and columns correspond to signals; a value of 1 (or 0) in cell (i, j) of M indicates that signal j has been observed (or not observed) in entity i. Given such a matrix we study the problem of inferring the underlying directed links between entities (rows) and finding which entries in the matrix are initiators. We formally d...

Initiation of the DNA replication checkpoint in yeast is mainly mediated by Mec1 protein kinase, the ortholog of human ATR, while its homolog Tel1, the ortholog of human ATM, has a minor replication checkpoint function. Checkpoint initiation requires stimulation of Mec1 kinase activity by specific activators. Saccharomyces cerevisiae Dna2, a nuclease-helicase that is essential for Okazaki fragm...

INTRODUCTION Alcohol use, alcohol misuse, and risky driving from adolescence into young adulthood were compared by drinking onset age. METHODS Surveys were administered in Grades 5/6, 6/7, 7/8, 10, 12, and at approximately age 23. Participants were placed into Drinking Onset groups based on self-reported alcohol use frequency on the adolescent surveys. Driving records were examined in three a...

Coupling polymerization initiators to molecular recognition events provide the ability to amplify these events and detect them using the formation of a cross-linked polymer as an inexpensive readout that is visible to the unaided eye. The eosin-tertiary amine co-initiation system, activated by visible light, has proven utility in this context when an average of three eosin molecules are coupled...

In this paper, grafting of acrylic acid monomer on Gum tragacanth was performed. Variable of experiment included concentration of initiators and monomer, time, and temperature. Grafting efficiency was measured in the term of percentage of grafting (%G) and percentage of grafting efficiency (%E). Effectiveness of grafted gum in ferrous ion removal at different condition was assessed. According t...

A classical model for social-influence-driven opinion change is the threshold model. Here we study cascades of opinion change driven by threshold model dynamics in the case where multiple initiators trigger the cascade, and where all nodes possess the same adoption threshold ϕ. Specifically, using empirical and stylized models of social networks, we study cascade size as a function of the initi...