the primary goal of the current project was to examine the effect of three different treatments, namely, models with explicit instruction, models with implicit instruction, and models alone on differences between the three groups of subjects in the use of the elements of argument structures in terms of toulmins (2003) model (i.e., claim, data, counterargument claim, counterargument data, rebutt...

section{introduction} the concept of {sl cartan geometry} appeared at the beginning of the twentieth century, when {e}lie cartan was working on the so-called {sl equivalence problem}, the aim of which is to determine whether two given geometric structures can be mapped bijectively onto each other by some diffeomorphism. this problem can be considered in many different contexts, such as ...

      The polychrome tile work of the Qajar era reveals the identical illustration, which has a different artistic style comparing to former eras. Shiraz tile makers of this period provide polychrome tiles with specific features according to costumes and public folklore and established Shiraz school of painted tile work. This article concentrates on the decorated tile work of an archway at the ...