defamiliarization, the artistic technique of presenting to audiences common things in an unfamiliar or strange way in order to enhance perception of the familiar, is the main function of artistic literature. paradox is one of its techniques. paradox is used either syntactically or semantically. ibn al-farid was a mystic sufi poet gifted by mystical perceptions in addition to his poetic talents....

In this work we consider the design principles of the Instance-Based Network (IBN), an extended version of a generic Content-Based Network(CBN). IBN acts as an overlay communication platform over which end-point entities, called contents, communicate independently from their physical locations while providing the flexibility of having different instances of the same content. The semantics of di...

quṭb al-dīn al-shīrāzī (634h/1236ce-710h/1311ce) wrote four major works on astronomy: nihāyat al‐idrāk fī dirāyat al‐aflāk (“the utmost attainment in comprehending the orbs), in arabic, first edition completed mid-shaʿbān 680/november 1281); the ikhtiyārāt‐i muẓaffarī (“selections for muẓaffar al-dīn arslan” [a minor ruler in qasṭamūnī (modern kastamonu, turkey)], in persian, completed sometime...

e reviews by Izet Masic at al give me the pleasure of enjoying the passionate ideas and advances of Arabic medicine over the end of IX and beginning X centuries (1, 2, 3). ey state this the renaissance to several representative islamic authors such as Avicenna, Aver-roes, Rhazes, Avenzor, Ibn al-Nafis, Abulcasis, and many other wise men in di erent sciences and disciplines. is period is conside...