OBJECTIVE This article examines noncausal associations between high school seniors' alcohol and marijuana use status and rates of self-reported unsafe driving in the past 12 months. METHOD Analyses used data from 72,053 students collected through annual surveys of nationally representative cross-sectional samples of U.S. 12th-grade students from 1976 to 2011. Two aspects of past-12-month alco...

OBJECTIVE Since 1999, substantial efforts have been made by the international community to reduce the risks associated with unsafe injections, through ministries of health, international donors, the World Health Organization and the Safe Injection Global Network. The present study attempted to measure the progress, or lack thereof, made over the 2000-2010 decade in reducing unsafe injections in...

The precondition for safe execution of a procedure is useful for understanding, verifying and debugging programs. We have previously presented a cegar-based approach for inferring necessary and sufficient preconditions based on the iterative abstraction-refinement of the set of safe and unsafe states until they become disjoint. A drawback of that approach is that safe and unsafe traces are expl...

How can employees be stopped from engaging in unsafe work practices? It is often easier to prevent employees from performing unsafe acts through manipulations of the work environment than through various training or motivational programs. Therefore, it is important that accident prevention programs seek to identify the reasons for the unsafe behavior and to redesign tasks and the work environme...

The current industrial development is getting more advanced and developing every year. However, thesedevelopments have not been matched by awareness in understanding carrying out work accordancewith good occupational health safety regulations so that accidents still occur industrialenvironment, including the plywood industry. general objective of this study to analyze thecircumstances affect in...

The crime against women is increasing at a higher rate. world becoming unsafe for in all aspects. In this project, an attempt has been made to develop smart device that can assist when they feel unsafe. motivation project came from, the women’s and children’s sexual abuses are day by day. New advanced female safety devices were introduced markets, but it’s contains costly price it takes long ti...

background: there is a high prevalence of  occupational injuries due to accidents in construction industries which affect human health. therefore, the exploration and analysis of contributing factors of such accidents can lead to their prevention and the reduction of their consequences. this study was conducted with the aim to identify factors related to occupational injuries and the severity o...

Time manipulation, typically done using gettime() and settime(), happens extensively across all software layers in smartphones, from the kernel, to the framework, to millions of apps. This paper presents the first study of a new class of software bugs on smartphones called sleep-induced time bugs (SITB). SITB happens when the phone is suspended, due to the aggressive sleeping policy adopted in ...