Understanding landscape conversion is vital for assessing the impacts of ecological and anthropogenic disturbances at regional and global scales. Since rangelands cover nearly half of the global land surface, and because a large part of rangelands is located in semi-arid ecosystems, they serve as critical land cover types for determining regional biodiversity, global biogeochemical cycles, and ...

China has experienced unprecedented urbanization since the 1980s, resulting in substantial climatic effects from local cities to broad regions. Using the Weather Research and Forecasting model dynamically coupled to an urban canopy model, we quantified the summertime climate effects of urban expansion in China's most rapidly urbanizing regions: Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei (BTH), Yangtze River Delta (...

the objective of this article is to present the established components with regard to the visual quality and legibility of isfahan city according to lynch’s theory. data was gathered in isfahan mainly by way of observation and interviews. additional information was obtained from historical data and urban documents. in the opinion of the citizens, the zayandehrood river, as a natural urban compo...

Green space is one of the important infrastructures for keeping natural life and sustainability in modern urbanism and it provides excellent recreational opportunities for the people in the society. However, there are limiting factors in green space development, especially in arid regions, including extreme weather and soil temperatures, low average rainfall, drought, and high potential for eva...

Most attempts at urban analysis using remotely sensed imagery lack the capabilities necessary to define the detailed geometry and differentiate the textures of the complex urban landscape. This paper presents a proof-of-concept study of the potential for integrative analysis of Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (IFSAR) and Airborne Visible/Infrared Imaging Spectrometer (A VIRIS) hyperspe...

There has been little research on natural-language processing of Buryat, in part due to the absence of language resources. In this article we present the first syntactic treebank for Buryat. It is an evolving project based on the Universal Dependencies (UD) annotation guidelines. We report on the procedure of constructing the treebank and explain some features of the labelling scheme with respe...

Abstract Digital architecture, as a proceeding architectural style, has caused fundamental evolutions in architectural design and building appearance via applying complex geometries and topologies. Computers and digital tools have truly altered the design process and architectural conception facilitating production of new eye catching forms. Avant-garde architectural forms have emerged from the...

city growth and environmental difficulties last decades leads the art of urban design and development think more precisely and new approaches for conserving environment and developing urban areas have been evolved.the present study deals with concepts related to ecology in the city and in particular the theory of ecological urbanism and its criteria is expressed. also theory and characteristics...

This article explores the failure of urban renewal in Bombay city during the ®rst quarter of the twentieth century. It shows how colonial rule structured a class-driven process of uneven urban `improvements' that actually exacerbated the problems of congestion, bad housing and environmental blight. In this process, the new forces of modernity were selectively appropriated to accentuate the diff...