PURPOSE We aimed to investigate the coronary venous system and its variations by using dual source computed tomography (CT). MATERIALS AND METHODS Retrospective assessment was carried out on 339 patients who underwent coronary CT angiography using 128-slice dual source CT for suspected coronary artery disease. The examinations were performed according to routine imaging protocols used to eval...

BACKGROUND Pulmonary thromboembolism is a common cause of death in patients with autopsy-confirmed Parkinsonism. This study investigated the incidence of leg deep vein thrombosis in Parkinson's disease and relationships between deep vein thrombosis and clinical/laboratory findings, including postural abnormalities as assessed by photographic measurements. METHODS This cross-sectional study as...

Introduction The large renal veins lie anterior to the renal arteries and open into the inferior vena cava almost at right angles. The left is three times of the right in length (7.5 cm and 2.5 cm). The left renal vein runs from its origin in the renal hilum, posterior to the splenic vein and the body of pancreas, and then across the anterior aspect of aorta. The left testicular or ovarian vein...

BACKGROUND The azygos venous system consists of the azygos vein on the right side and the hemiazygos and accessory hemiazygos on the left side. The azygos vein runs through the abdominal cavity along the right side of the vertebral bodies, in a cranial direction, passes through the diaphragm and reaches the mediastinum, where it forms the arch of the azygos which flows into the superior vena ca...

PURPOSE We aimed to investigate the feasibility and effectiveness of accessory hepatic vein recanalization (balloon dilatation/stent insertion) for patients with Budd-Chiari syndrome (BCS) due to long-segment obstruction of the hepatic vein. METHODS From March 2010 to December 2013, 20 consecutive patients with BCS, due to long-segment obstruction of three hepatic veins, treated with accessor...

OBJECTIVES Arterial pressure induced vein graft injury can result in endothelial loss, accelerated atherosclerosis and vein graft failure. Inflammation, including complement activation, is assumed to play a pivotal role herein. Here, we analyzed the effects of C1-esterase inhibitor (C1inh) on early vein graft remodeling. METHODS Human saphenous vein graft segments (n=8) were perfused in vitro...

BACKGROUND More than 50% of aortocoronary saphenous vein grafts are occluded 10 years after surgery. Intimal hyperplasia is the initial critical step in the progression toward occlusion. Internal mammary veins, which are physiologically prone to less hydrostatic pressure, may undergo an accelerated progression to intimal hyperplasia and thus be suitable for investigation of the mechanisms of ao...

Although the etiology of varicose veins remains unknown, recent studies have focused on endothelial cell integrity and function because the endothelium regulates vessel tone and synthesizes many pro- and anti-inflammatory factors. The aim of this study was to investigate the evidence involving the endothelium in the development of varicose vein disease. In addition, tissue remodeling was invest...

                                                                 Background: The use of the traditional method for saphenous vein harvesting is associated with wound complications and not on-time patient mobilization. This has caused the improvement of minimally invasive vein harvesting techniques, together with general bridging. This study was designed to compare the therapeutic results of...

Echocardiography showed a prominent right-sided superior vein cava (SVC). The pulmonary veins (left upper, lower, and right lower) were draining into the common chamber, and the vertical vein was ascending on the right side coursing behind the right pulmonary artery (RPA) causing a “Hemodynamic Vice” [Figure 1]. The vertical vein appeared to be draining into high SVC. To delineate the anatomy b...