Sir, Vitiligo is disfiguring in all races, particularly in patients with darker skin, because of stronger contrasts. Patients suffer from poor body image and low self-esteem and also experience a considerable level of psychological burden.[1] Moreover, in Iran, there is a strong negative public attitude toward this disease. Since ancient times, patients with vitiligo suffered the same mental ab...

Phosphatidylinositol 3'-kinase (PI3K) is a key component of multiple signaling pathways, where it typically promotes survival, proliferation, and/or adhesion. Here, we show that in TCR signaling, the scaffolding adapter Gab2 delivers an inhibitory signal via PI3K. Overexpression of Gab2 in T cell lines inhibits TCR-evoked activation of the IL-2 promoter, blocking NF-AT- and NF-kappaB-directed t...

Carvedilol (CRV) is an important medicament for heart arrhythmia. The aim of this work was the interpretation of its vibrational spectra with consideration on the solvent effect. Infrared and Raman spectra were recorded in solid state as well in solution. The experimental spectra were evaluated using DFT quantum chemical calculations computing the optimized structure, atomic net charges, vibrat...

There are many kinds of collective and joint activities, as we all know. We can jointly write a paper, carry a table, sing a duet, and perform a toast to somebody. We can collectively conserve energy, vote in elections, love or fear supernatural beings, follow norms, create and uphold social institutions. Furthermore, crowds and organized groups can behave in meaningful ways e.g. a crowd can tr...

John Hemmerling, a senior in chemical engineering and project leader, Jeremy Pan, a sophomore in computer science, and Sahil Bhalla and Karan Kedia, both freshman in fi rst-year engineering, are a team of four students participating in the Engineering Projects in Community Service (EPICS) Environmental Improvement Initiatives (EII). In this article they describe how they are investigating waste...

Type I diabetes mellitus is a common chronic disease in adolescents. According to statistics, 12,243 diabetic Muslims fast in thirteen Islamic countries, 43% of whom have type I diabetes. This longitudinal study was conducted on volunteer adolescents with type I diabetes aged 13-18 years for 15 days using the census method. Three days before Ramadan and during the last three days of the study p...

Background: Tyrosinemia type 1 is an autosomal recessive metabolic disorder, which typically affects liver and kidneys. It is caused by a defect in fumarylacetoacetate hydrolase or fumarylacetoacetase (FAH) enzyme, the final enzyme in the tyrosine degradation pathway. The disease typically manifests as early onset type in early infancy with acute hepatic crisis with hepatomegaly and bleeding te...

Autoimmune polyendocrine syndromes are a heterogeneousgroup of rare diseases characterized by autoimmune activityagainst more than one endocrine organ, although non-endocrineorgans can also be affected. We report the association of APS Iwith erythema annulare centrifugum in an 18-years-old male whopresented with multiple figurate erythema spreading on his trunkand extremities along with a histo...

This paper reports on the minimization of the average waiting time of the customers in the M/G/1 queue with vacation. Explicit formula for the unknown service parameter of a particular customer has been obtained by considering the exhaustive service discipline in the case of multi-user with unlimited service system. Moreover, results in case of partially gated and gated service disciplines unde...