با توجه به عدم­‌قطعیت‌های حاکم بر پروژه‌های عمرانی و تفاوت بارز آن‌ها صنایع خدماتی تولیدی از منظر محدوده زمان‌بندی کار، عوامل محیطی چالش‌های اجرایی، پیمانکاران کارفرمایان همواره اختلافات دعاوی قراردادی مواجه هستند. در چنین شرایطی، پژوهشی موضوع ضروری است. هدف این پژوهش، شناسایی مرتبط فرآیندهای طرح ادعا رویه مواجهه چالش‌ها راستا، لوایح ادعایی ارزیابی شدند. روش پژوهش به‌صورت کمّی ـ کیفی مشتمل بررسی...

The rich and still expanding literature on TBLT is helping to mature both its theoretical conceptualization and practical implementation in foreign and second language education. Similarly, computer-assisted language learning (CALL) has grown as a field, with the use and integration of technology in the classroom continuing to increase and will continue to play an important role in this maturat...

introduction: risk is an essential component in the production and sale of agricultural products. due to the nature of agricultural products, the people who act in this area including farmers and businesspersons encounter unpredictable fluctuations of prices. on the other hand, the firms that process agricultural products also face fluctuation of price of agricultural inputs. given that the can...

The rich and still expanding literature on TBLT is helping to mature both its theoretical conceptualization and practical implementation in foreign and second language education. Similarly, computer-assisted language learning (CALL) has grown as a field, with the use and integration of technology in the classroom continuing to increase and will continue to play an important role in this maturat...

Computers have been used for language teaching ever since the 1960's.Learning a second language is a challenging endeavor, and, for decades now, proponents of computer assisted language learning (CALL) have declared that help is on the horison. We investigate the suitability of deploying speech technology in computer based systems that can be used to teach foreign language skills. In this case,...

With the developments of new technologies appearing very quickly, the attention has been focused more on technology than learning. English centers and institutes have mostly been busy accommodating new programs and technologies and hence have not spent enough time to evaluate the CALL programs and technologies employed to find their affordances and limitations. The present study was an attempt ...

The present study investigated the university practitioners’ attitudes towards using computer assisted language learning (CALL) in teaching English language at Islamic Azad universities of Khuzestan Province. This study was also to examine the English as foreign language (EFL) MA and PhD teachers’ computer literacy and its effects on using CALL facilities in English classrooms. The participants...