Various logical formalisms with the freeze quantifier have been recently considered to model computer systems even though this is a powerful mechanism that often leads to undecidability. In this paper, we study a linear-time temporal logic with past-time operators such that the freeze operator is only used to express that some value from an infinite set is repeated in the future or in the past....

In this study two actual types of problems are considered and solved: 1) determining the maximum common connected fragment of the T-tree (T-directed tree) which does not change with time; 2) determining all maximum common connected fragments of the T-tree (T-directed tree) which do not change with time. The choice of the primary study of temporal directed trees and trees is justified by the wid...

sorption isotherm and thermal properties of powders were used for determining stability during storage. garlic slices with 2 mm thickness were dried, using two methods of freeze and cabinet drying. the results showed that, the density, loss of pyruvate and color changes of the freeze dried powder were less than those of the cabinet dried powder. sorption isotherm curves of the both garlic powde...

Process analytical technology (PAT)-tools were used to monitor freeze-drying of Bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) at pilot and production scale. Among the evaluated PAT-tools, there is the novel use of the vacuum valve open/close frequency for determining the endpoint of primary drying at production scale. The duration of primary drying, the BCG survival rate, and the residual moisture content (RMC...

The morphological states of Guyana’s coastal system, at various spatial and temporal scales, are found to be influenced by the formation and migration of mudbanks. Stationary and propagating mudbanks along the coast are investigated with the use of multiple data sources, including aerial photographs, satellite imagery, GPS measurements, and a time series of coastal profile data (1941-1987...

freeze-thaw is one of the most powerful weathering agents that may cause a rapid change in the initial engineering properties of stones, and limit their durability. freeze-thaw induces stress over the pores’ surface of stones. consequently, stone durability is closely related to its engineering and physical properties. the purpose of this study is estimating the engineering properties of deteri...

We applied the quick-freezing technique to investigate the precise temporal coincidence between the onset of quantal secretion and the appearance of fusions of synaptic vesicles with the prejunctional membrane. Frog cutaneous pectoris nerve-muscle preparations were soaked in modified Ringer's solution with 1 mM 4-aminopyridine, 10 mM Ca2+, and 10(-4) M d-Tubocurarine and quick-frozen 1-10 ms af...

freeze-drying is a common preservation technology in the pharmaceutical industry. various studies have investigated the effect of different cryoprotectants on probiotics during freeze-drying. however, information on the effect of cryoprotectants on the stability of some lactobacillus strains during freeze-drying seems scarce. therefore, the aim of the present study was to establish production m...