the aim of this research is recognizing synoptic patterns of the level 500 hp occurrence of late spring freezes over kurdistan province during 1965-2005. after determining freeze temporal-spatial threshold, 22 freezing days spreading over the region were extracted. then, level 500 hp height data located in a scope of 25-60 northern latitude and 30-60 eastern longitude was formulated as an s-mod...

Freezing and thawing of the land surface affects ecosystem and hydrological processes, the geotechnical properties of soil and slope stability. Currently, available datasets on land surface state lack either sufficient temporal or spatial resolution to adequately characterize the complexity of freeze/thaw transition period dynamics. Surface state changes can be detected using microwave remote s...

Winter wheat freeze injury is one of the most serious damages in northern China. Timely and accurately monitoring freeze injury can provide quantitative damage assessment and decision support for after-injury field management. Freeze injury stress is directly related to the deviation of winter wheat population. This paper aimed to monitor the spatial-temporal distribution as well as the severit...

Background: Reported concentrations of amyloid(1– 42) (A 42) and tau in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) differ among reports. We investigated the effects of storage temperature, repeated freeze/thaw cycles, and centrifugation on the concentrations of A 42 and tau in CSF. Methods: Stability of samples stored at 80 °C was determined by use of an accelerated stability testing protocol according to the A...

in order to investigate the flexural behaviors of rc beams after freeze-thaw cycles, compressive strength test of concrete cubes after 0, 50, 100, 125 freeze-thaw cycles were made, and static flexural experiment of 48 rc beams after 0, 50, 100, 125 freeze-thaw cycles were made. the relationships of relative compressive strength, mass loss rate, relative dynamic elastic modulus and numbers of fr...

Various logical formalisms with the freeze quantifier have been recently considered to model computer systems even though this is a powerful mechanism that often leads to undecidability. In this paper, we study a linear-time temporal logic with pasttime operators such that the freeze operator is only used to express that some value from an infinite set is repeated in the future or in the past. ...

Abstract. At high latitudes and altitudes one of the main controls on hydrological biogeochemical processes is breakup freeze-up lake river ice. This study uses 3510 time series from across 678 Northern Hemisphere lakes rivers to explore historical patterns in ice phenology five overlapping periods (1931–1960, 1946–1975, 1961–1990, 1976–2005, 1931–2005). These show that number annual open-water...