including the one proposed in [5]. Minieka showed that all the eight problems can be solved in polynomial time except the one of finding the maximum distancesum tree of a specified length, which was proved to be NP-hard later in [8]. Recently, in [6,7], Peng and Lo have proposed efficient parallel algorithms on the EREW PRAM for optimally locating in a tree network a path and a tree of a specif...

Background: Diabetes mellitus has several complications. The Late diagnosis of diabetes in people leads to the spread of complications. Therefore, this study has been done to determine the possibility of predicting diabetes type 2 by using data mining techniques. Methods: This is a descriptive-analytic study that was conducted as a cross-sectional study. The study population included people re...

A tree representation distance method, applied to any dissimilarity array, always gives a valued tree, even if the tree model is not appropriate. In the first part, we propose some criteria to evaluate the quality of the computed tree. Some of them are metric; their values depend on the edge’s lengths. The other ones only depend on the tree topology. In the second part, we calculate the average...

hypertonicity is the most common type of cerebral palsy consists of 85% of the affected children. it has a very complex nature making intervention and management very difficult. this article tries to make reader familiar with various types of intervention and introduce a new intervention process to help clinicians decide better. literature was reviewed with two criteria including: identifying v...

multiple sclerosis (ms) and allergy are believed to up regulate t helper cell type 1 (th1) and t helper cell type 2 (th2) responses, respectively. it has been shown that disequilibrium in the  ratio  of  th1/th2  activities may increase frequency of  one  disease and  decrease the frequency of the other. the aim of this study was to investigate the relation of ms with allergy and atopy in new d...

The purpose of this study is to determine the woody species diversity in Sweet chestnut tree, Hazel-tree and Italian cypress ecosystems in the Guilan forests. A lozeng 0.5 ha sample plot was selectively established on each site. In the Sweet chestnut ecosystems , 4 sites were classified, whereas 10 sites of Hazel tree and Italian cypress ecosystems were classified based on species composition. ...

An inverse minimum spanning tree problem is to make the least modification on the edge weights such that a predetermined spanning tree is a minimum spanning tree with respect to the new edge weights. In this paper, a type of fuzzy inverse minimum spanning tree problem is introduced from a LAN reconstruction problem, where the weights of edges are assumed to be fuzzy variables. The concept of fu...

results: the most important diseases to consider in the differential diagnosis of fphl include chronic telogen effluvium (cte), permanent alopecia after chemotherapy (pac), alopecia areata incognito (aai) and frontal fibrosing alopecia (ffa). this review describes criteria for distinguishing these conditions from fphl. conclusions: the only approved treatment for fphl, which is 2% topical minox...

fuzzy decision tree (fdt) classifiers combine decision trees with approximate reasoning offered by fuzzy representation to deal with language and measurement uncertainties. when a fdt induction algorithm utilizes stopping criteria for early stopping of the tree's growth, threshold values of stopping criteria will control the number of nodes. finding a proper threshold value for a stopping crite...