Two experiments were conducted to determine the effects of several essential oil active compounds on rumen microbial fermentation. In the first experiment, 4 doses (5, 50, 500, and 5,000 mg/L) of 5 essential oil compounds were evaluated using in vitro 24-h batch culture of rumen fluid with a 60:40 forage:concentrate diet (18% crude protein; 30% neutral detergent fiber). Treatments were control ...

Intervention Patients were allocated to dextroamphetamine sulphate, 15 mg for 28 days then doubled to 30 mg for 56 days {n=47}†; dextroamphetamine sulphate, 30 mg for 28 days and then doubled to 60 mg for 56 days {n=46}†; or to placebo {n=35}†. Patients received dextroamphetamine sulphate sustained release regimen once within 2 hours of awakening, and once 6 hours later. Dosing was supervised i...

This study reports lovastatin production by solid state fermentation using pomegranate seeds as a substrate. Six different fungal strains and several agro-industrial wastes were selected and screened. Various physicochemical parameters were optimized to improve lovastatin productivity. Moreover, chemical mutation was system-atically employed to enhance lovastatin yield on selected strains. Prod...

BACKGROUND Xylanase degrades xylan into monomers of various sizes by catalyzing the endohydrolysis of the 1,4-β-D-xylosidic linkage randomly, possessing potential in wide industrial applications. Most of xylanases are susceptible to be inactive when suffering high temperature and high alkaline process. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a high amount of effective thermoalkaliphilic xylanases...

The optimum fermentation times of black tea manufactured by two systems of Orthodox and CTC (cut, tear & curl) were investigated by measuring the quality parameters of black tea, like: theaflavin, thearubigin, highly  polymerized substances and total liquid colour during the fermentation stage. Optimum fermentation times from the beginning of fermentation were determined to be 60 min and 15...

Sublancin 168, as a distinct S-linked antimicrobial glycopeptide produced by Bacillus subtilis 168, is effective in killing specific microorganisms. However, the reported yield of sublancin 168 is at a low level of no more than 60 mg from 1 L fermentation culture of B. subtilis 168 by using the method in the literature. Thus optimization of fermentation condition for efficiently producing subla...