The objective of this research was to investigate the influence four solvents on hydrotreatment hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) biocrude derived from municipal sewage sludge. HTL sludge performed at 350 °C in a 1.8 L batch reactor. then extracted reaction mixture using dichloromethane (DCM), hexane, toluene, and acetone as solvents. Solvent extraction DCM, resulted 38%, 12%, 18%, 10% yields (dr...

Terpenoids, naturally occurring compounds derived from isoprene units present in pine oleoresin, are a valuable source of chemicals used in solvents, fragrances, flavors, and have shown potential use as a biofuel. This paper describes a method to extract and analyze the terpenoids present in loblolly pine saplings and pine lighter wood. Various extraction solvents were tested over different tim...

The South Pacific islanders have consumed kava beverage for thousands of years. The quality of kava and kava beverage is evaluated through determination of the content of six major kavalactones including methysticin, dihydromethysticin, kavain, dihydrokavain, yangonin and desmethoxyyangonin. In this study, we determined contents of kavalactones in and chemotype of kava beverages prepared from r...

In this method for determining fecal lipids, feces are saponified with ethanolic potassium hydroxide, the ethanol is evaporated, and the acidified residue extracted with hexane. An aliquot of the hexane solution is then titrated with ethanolic sodium hydroxide, the solvents are evaporated, and the residue (soaps and unsaponifiable matter) is weighed. The unsaponifiable matter is extracted with ...

a solid-phase extraction (spe) method for sample clean-up and preconcentration followed by reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (rp-hplc) with uv detection is reported for determination of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (pahs) in the caspian seawater. a good resolution was obtained using acetonitrile:water (40:60) as mobile-phase for separation of these compounds. the effect ...