Human angiotensin type 1 receptor (hAT1R) gene is regulated by hormones, second messengers, and both pathophysiological and developmental states. The focus of the present study was to determine the role of glucose in the trans-repression of hAT1R gene transcription and to identify the functional cis-acting response element(s). Serial deletions of the hAT1R promoter region indicated that an area...

This paper is a study of fuzzy type theory (FTT) with partial functions. Out of several possibilities we decided tointroduce a special value ”∗” that represents ”undefined”. In the interpretation of FTT, this value lays outside of thecorresponding domain. In the syntax it can be naturally represented by the description operator acting on the empty(fuzzy) set, because choosing an element from it...

Lung-selective cytochrome P450 expression is well recognized; however, little is known regarding regulatory mechanisms. To address this knowledge gap, transient expression of CYP4B1/luciferase constructs was used to identify a proximal, positively acting regulatory element, position -139 to -45, that functioned in all cells examined; a negatively acting element, position -457 to -216, that only...

PlantCARE is a database of plant cis- acting regulatory elements, enhancers and repressors. Besides the transcription motifs found on a sequence, it also offers a link to the EMBL entry that contains the full gene sequence as well as a description of the conditions in which a motif becomes functional. The information on these sites is given by matrices, consensus and individual site sequences o...

An element of a group acting on a graph is called invertor if it transfers an edge of the graph to its inverse. In this paper, we show that if G is a group acting on a tree X with inversions such that G does not fix any element of X, then an element g of G is invertor if and only if g is not in any vertex stabilizer of G and g2 is in an edge stabilizer of G. Moreover, if H is a finitely generat...

Viruses often contain cis-acting RNA elements, which facilitate the posttranscriptional processing and export of their messages. These elements fall into two classes distinguished by the presence of either viral or cellular RNA binding proteins. To date, studies have indicated that the viral proteins utilize the CRM1-dependent export pathway, while the cellular factors generally function in a C...