this paper seeks two goals concurrently, at one hand tries to assay the capability of topsis, vikor and similarity-based approach as multiple attribute decision making approaches in evaluating mutual funds in iran stock exchange, and at the other hand in this evaluation tries to consider and compare three groups of indices including general evaluating indices (age, net value of mutual fund’s as...

in order to use an islamic financial instrument, this paper intends to measure and evaluate negative and positive deviations from target rate of return in investment opportunity evaluation,that leads to presenting an upside potential- adjusted risk measure. this risk measure named upside potential adjusted risk measure (alpm) is generally applicable and provides assumptions of variance, downsid...

Let K denote a field and let V denote a vector space over K with finite positive dimension. We consider a pair of linear transformations A : V → V and A∗ : V → V that satisfy the following conditions: (i) each of A,A∗ is diagonalizable; (ii) there exists an ordering {Vi} d i=0 of the eigenspaces of A such that A ∗Vi ⊆ Vi−1+Vi+Vi+1 for 0 ≤ i ≤ d, where V−1 = 0 and Vd+1 = 0; (iii) there exists an...

and Applied Analysis 3 Remark 5. Assumption (13) holds if the system has a unique solution. For brevity, we rewrite system (2)∼(5) in the vector form by introducing W(x, t) = (u(x, t), n(x, t)) and Y(x, t) = (a(x, t), b(x, t)). We denote by E 0 = H 2 ⋂H 1 0 (Ω) × H 1 0 (Ω) the space of vector functionsW(x, t) = (u(x, t), n(x, t)) with norm E0 = {‖u‖ 2 H 2 + ‖n‖ 2 H 1} 1/2 . (14) Similarly, we d...

This paper builds on the previous paper by the author, where a relationship between Zhedanov’s algebra AW (3) and the double affine Hecke algebra (DAHA) corresponding to the Askey-Wilson polynomials was established. It is shown here that the spherical subalgebra of this DAHA is isomorphic to AW (3) with an additional relation that the Casimir operator equals an explicit constant. A similar resu...

Background The measurement of health benefits is a key issue in health economic evaluations. There is very scarce empirical literature exploring the differences of using quality-adjusted life years (QALYs) or disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) as benefit metrics and their potential impact in decision-making.   Methods Two previously published models delivering outputs in QALYs, were adapted...

TIM D AW 1 , 2 ∗, KATRI N A B ROWN 1 , SE R G I O RO S E N D O 1 , 3 AND ROBERT POMEROY 4 1School of International Development, University of East Anglia, Norwich NR4 7TJ, UK, 2Stockholm Resilience Centre, Stockholm University, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden, 3e-GEO, Faculdade de Ciências Sociais e Humanas, FCSH, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Avenida de Berna, 26-C, 1069-061 Lisbon, Portugal, and 4...

Hilbert C∗-modules are useful tools in AW ∗-algebra theory, theory of operator algbras, operator K-theory, group representation theory and theory of operator spaces. The theory of Hilbert C∗-modules is very interesting on its own. In this paper we give fundamentals of the theory of Hilbert C∗-modules and examine some ways in which Hilbert C∗-modules differ from Hilbert spaces.