Massive CO 2 removals will be necessary to avoid climate tipping. Comparing with past, current and future carbon stocks flows reveals the importance of avoiding fossil emissions completely developing scalable technical solutions.

The motivation for the development of splicing theory is recalled. Attention is restricted to finite splicing systems, which are those having only finitely many rules and finitely many initial strings. Languages generated by such systems are necessarily regular, but not all regular languages can be so generated. The splicing systems that arose originally, as models of enzymatic actions, have tw...

A unique parameterization of the QCD equation of state below and above T c We present a unique parameterization of the equation of state of strongly interacting matter in the temperature interval 0.6T c · · · 3T c at µ = 0 within a quasi-particle model based on quark and gluon degrees of freedom. The extension to non-vanishing baryon-chemical potential is discussed.

from any of the three federal Canadian funding agencies must be reviewed and approved in advance by a human research ethics board (REB). The Tri-Council Policy Statement: Ethical Conduct for Research Involving Humans (TCPS) requires that each institution be fully responsible for the ethics review of human research conducted under its auspices (Article 1.2). This provision has been interpreted t...