Background: There are conflicting findings about relationship between depression and anger with immunological parameters. Objective: To investigate the relationship between anger patterns and immune system in depressed patients. Methods: Thirty-five patients with major depressive disorder were selected according to DSM-IV criteria. The Hamilton Depression Scale and Spielberger Anger questionnai...

The State-Trait Anger Expression Inventory (STAXI; Spielberger, 1988) involves an integration of two previously developed inventories, the State-Trait Anger scale and the Anger Expression (AX) Scale. Five independent subscales comprise the STAXI, including State Anger, Trait Anger, Anger-in, Anger-out, and Anger Control. A sixth scale involves an arithmetic combination of the Anger-in, Anger-ou...

introduction: anger is one of ordinary and often healthy emotions in psychology. consequences of anger are expressed in literature, and philosophical, religious, and scientific texts throughout history. the aim of the present writing was to study anger from the viewpoints of different religions regarding islamic bases to develop islamic instruments and methods of assessment and management of an...

The present research was conducted to explore the relationship of anger and its components like state-anger, trait-anger, angerin, anger-out, anger-control, and anger-expression with hypertension. Further, to explore the role of anger as psychological risk factor in predicting hypertension. A sample of 237 participants (hypertensive patients = 137; nonhypertensive age matched healthy controls =...

While there are several studies that have investigated the specific relationships between mindfulness, anger rumination, anger-in, and trait anger, no study has investigated all these relationships simultaneously. Therefore, this study examined all relationships between these variables employing a cross-sectional design. Consistent with previous research, we hypothesized that (1) mindfulness wi...

This research had two goals: (1) it tested hypotheses of the State-Trait Model of anger, and (2) it explored characteristics that may distinguish individuals with high trait anger who recognize problems with their anger from those who do not recognize anger problems. Regarding the first goal, findings supported three hypotheses tested. In particular, compared to those low in trait anger, indivi...