BACKGROUND Concerns have been raised about the public health implications of the presence of antibiotic residues in the aquatic environment and their effect on the development of bacterial resistance. While there is information on antibiotic residue levels in hospital effluent from some other countries, information on antibiotic residue levels in effluent from Indian hospitals is not available....

The substitution of each constituent amino acid residue of gramicidin S (GS), cyclo(-Val(1,1')-Orn(2,2')-Leu(3,3')-D-Phe(4,4')-Pro(5,5')-)(2) with Lys residue indicated that each side chain structure of the constituent amino acid residues affect largely the antibiotic activity and hemolytic activity of GS. Further, the substitution of D-Phe(4,4') and Pro(5,5') residues with basic amino acid res...

In this study, tetracycline group antibiotic residue was investigated in plain and flavored UHT milk of different brands. A total 90 samples (62 28 flavored) were analyzed by ELISA method. Tetracycline residues detected all as a result the analysis. The mean level determined 6.98±0.38 ppb 6.53±0.48 milk. Residue levels found to comply with legal limits announced European Union (EU) commission T...

for small cheese-making factories, with no effluent treatment plants, whey can be a serious problem and the landfarming technique represents an alternative for its disposal. however, whey may contain antibiotic residues at the maximum residue limits. therefore, in this work, we evaluated the phytotoxic effect of different concentrations of five antibiotics (enrofloxacin, kanamycin, oxytetracycl...

Daptomycin (DAP) is a calcium (Ca2+)-dependent FDA-approved antibiotic drug for the treatment of Gram-positive infections. It possesses complex pharmacophore hampering derivatization and/or synthesis analogues. To mimic Ca2+-binding effect, we used chemoenzymatic approach to modify tryptophan (Trp) residue DAP and synthesize kinetically characterized structurally elucidated regiospecific Trp-mo...

Antibiotic resistance is a major challenge to modern medicine. Intraspecies and interspecies dissemination of antibiotic resistance genes among bacteria can occur through horizontal gene transfer. Competence-mediated gene transfer has been reported to contribute to the spread of antibiotic resistance genes in Streptococcus pneumoniae. Induction of the competence regulon is mediated by a 17-amin...

A new peptide antibiotic complex B-43, active against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, was isolated from a strain of Bacillus circulans. This antibiotic contains aspartic acid, valine, isoleucine, leucine, phenylalanine and 2,4-diaminobutyric acid. It seems to be related to polypeptin and antibiotic complex 4205, but differs in that it contains aspartic acid residue.