Objective(s): Dendritic cells (DCs) play a critical role in activation of T cell responses. Induction of type1 T helper (Th1) immune response is essential to generate protective immunity against cutaneous leishmaniasis. The intrinsic tendency of liposomes to have interaction with antigen-presenting cells is the main rationale to utilize liposomes as antigen carriers. In the present study, the e...

Using an exquisite cell imaging approach based on DNA nanosensors, Spillane and Tolar (2016. J. Cell Biol. https://doi.org/10.1083/jcb.201607064) explore how the physical properties of antigen-presenting cell surfaces affect how B cells internalize surface-tethered antigens. Soft and flexible surfaces promote mechanical force-mediated antigen extraction, whereas stiff surfaces lead to enzyme-me...

Gluten sensitive enteropathy also known as Celiac disease, an autoimmune disorder which occurs in the presence of HLA DQ2 & DQ8 gene genetically susceptible individuals. Homoeopathy can direct treatment constitutionally and therapeutically. Gliadin a derivative gluten is modified by TTG seen antigen to Antigen presenting cells. The lead failure thrive.

In this issue, Lin et al. report that, in malignant cells, stanniocalcin-1 (STC1) prevents the cell surface exposure of "eat me" signal calreticulin, thereby avoiding phagocytosis by antigen-presenting cells. STC1 overexpression joins an arsenal mechanisms through which tumor cells suppress calreticulin and escape from immunosurveillance.