as it is seen, by passing the evolutionary process of banding of orthodontic attachments to the bonding ones, orthodontics have witnessed many developments, such as application of new adhesives, optimized base designs, new bracket materials, curing methods and more efficient primers. the studies often address the morphological, micro-leakage, and shear bond tests to evaluate bond efficacy. amon...

introduction: gutta-percha is the most commonly used material for root canal obturation; it has been recently manufactured with different tapers. the aim of this in vitro study was to compare microleakage of canals obturated with standard gutta-percha (0.02 taper) or the new 0.04 taper gutta-percha master cone using the cold lateral condensation technique. materials and methods: forty-four extr...

introduction:  this  in vitro  study compared the apical sealing ability of three common root end filling materials namely mineral trioxide aggregate (mta), intermediate restorative material (irm) and calcium-enriched mixture (cem) cement using a bacterial leakage model.  methods and materials: the study was conducted on 83 single-rooted human teeth. tooth crowns were cut and root canals were p...

This study evaluated the apical leakage associated with various depths of retrograde fillings placed in root apices which had been resected at one of three different angles. Leakage was assessed with a hydraulic conductance apparatus. Teeth were divided into groups corresponding to the angle of apical resection (0, 30, and 45 degrees to the long axis of the root) and apical leakage was determin...

statement of problem: hemostatic agents may affect the micro-leakage of different adhesive systems. also, chlorhexidine has shown positive effects on micro-leakage. however, their interaction effect has not been reported yet. objectives: to evaluate the effect of contamination with a hemostatic agent on micro- leakage of total- and self-etching adhesive systems and the effect of chlorhexidine a...

AIMS The purpose of this study was to compare microbial penetration method and electrochemical technique for evaluation of the apical seal. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 28 teeth were prepared using the step-back technique to ISO size 40 master apical files. The specimens were randomly divided into an experimental group, two positive and two negative controls. Root canals in the experiment...

AIM The aim of this study was to assess the apical sealing ability of Resilon obturation material. METHODS AND MATERIALS Forty-two single rooted extracted human teeth were selected and randomly divided into three groups. They were obturated using lateral condensation with gutta-percha and AH 26/AH plus and Resilon; also, 12 root canals were used as control groups. The apical leakage was measu...

background. maximum sealing ability or adhesion of endodontic sealers can be achieved after an effective removal of smear layer. endodontic irrigants assist in adequate removal of smear layer and thus improve the retention mechanism. the aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of two different root canal irrigating solutions (5.25% naocl followed by 17% edta and qmix) on the apical sealing...

Introduction:One-bottle light-cured adhesives systems have variable pH. In addition to ease of use, universal adhesives can be used in various restorations and different substrates. Due to the lack of studies, the purpose of this study was to compare the enamel and dentin micro-leakage of self-cure and light cure composite restorations using a universal bonding system. Materials & Methods:The ...