Recent epidemiological studies have identified ambulances as high risk passenger transport vehicles, particularly the rear compartment. It appears in the absence of USA ambulance safety standards or guidelines, non engineer end-users are driving changes in practice and policy in place of independent peer reviewed biomechanical and crash injury outcome data. This study’s objective is to compare ...

This study examines the pattern of facial fractures in automotive collisions using the National Automotive Sampling System - Crashworthiness Data System. The database was examined for trends within collision and occupant descriptors among occupants sustaining facial fractures. Drivers and right front passengers were included in an analysis of frontal collisions. Side impacts were assessed separ...

This paper addresses parallel programming paradigms for nonlinear, explicit finite element simulations primarily employed for crashworthiness and occupant safety simulations in the automotive industry. The reliance of industrial design on computer simulation and state-of-the-art high performance computing architectures will be discussed as a motivation for the need for parallel implementations ...

cylindrical thin-walled tubes due to construction and easy installation, high energy absorption capacity are used in the automotive industry as an impact energy absorber. however, the main weakness of cylindrical tubes is in the high initial peak load. therefore, in this paper, to overcome this weakness, a buckling initiator is used at the top of the tube. this buckling initiator is a steel rod...

STUDY OBJECTIVE We assess the relationship between steering wheel deformity and serious thoracic or abdominal injury among drivers and front seat passengers involved in motor vehicle crashes, while adjusting for important crash factors. METHODS This was a national population-based cohort of adults involved in motor vehicle crashes from 1995 to 2002 and included in the National Automotive Samp...

Abstract Multi-fidelity optimization schemes enriching expensive high-fidelity functions with cheap-to-evaluate low-fidelity have gained popularity in recent years. In the present work, an scheme based on a hierarchical kriging is proposed for large-scale and highly non-linear crashworthiness problems. After comparison to other multi-fidelity techniques infill criterion called variable-fidelity...

With an increasing number of and also more complex demandson today’s automobiles the need for fast and accuratesimulations to support the Engineering Design (ED) process isgetting more important. The demands that are put on theautomotive designs are often contradictory i.e. weight againststiffness, and no one optimal set of solutions can be found,rather a trade-off s...

Automotive manufacturers rely on rigorous testing and simulations to construct their vehicles durable safe in all aspects. One such vital factor is crash safety, otherwise known as crashworthiness. Crash tests are conventional forms of non-destructive methods validate the vehicle for its crashworthiness compatibility based different operating conditions. The frontal impact test most primary for...

Cylindrical thin-walled tubes due to construction and easy installation, high energy absorption capacity are used in the automotive industry as an impact energy absorber. However, the main weakness of cylindrical tubes is in the high initial peak load. Therefore, in this paper, to overcome this weakness, a buckling initiator is used at the top of the tube. This buckling initiator is a steel rod...

Over recent years, researchers have used full-scale motorcycle crash tests in the field of road safety research to simulate different types of crash technique and scenario. This study focuses on the development of laboratory-based motorcycle crash tests. A moveable barrier, designated as a ‘trolley’ in this study, is designed, developed and implemented in a laboratory-based motorcycle crash tes...