Pediatric feeding disorders affect up to 5% of children, causing severe food intake problems that can result in serious medical and developmental outcomes. Behavioral intervention (BI) is effective in extinguishing feeding aversions, and also expert-dependent, time/labor-intensive and not well understood at a neurobiological level. Here we first conducted a double-blind, placebo-controlled tria...

The associations between shame and Cluster C personality disorders (PDs) were examined in 237 undergraduates, 35 of whom met at least subthreshold criteria for Cluster C PDs assessed using the Personality Disorder Interview-IV. Shame-proneness (the propensity to experience shame across many situations) was measured using the Test of Self-Conscious Affect-3, and shame aversion (the tendency to p...

Several syndromes that have been characterized in terms of anorexia or appetite loss may actually be due, at least in part, to specific food aversion learning. Evidence reviewed here indicates that a number of experimental treatments, such as tumor implant and subdiaphragmatic vagotomy, that lead to anorexia in laboratory animals also lead to the development of specific aversions to the single ...

The ability to detect and respond appropriately to aversive stimuli is essential for all organisms, from fruit flies to humans. This suggests the existence of a core neural network which mediates aversion-related processing. Human imaging studies on aversion have highlighted the involvement of various cortical regions, such as the prefrontal cortex, while animal studies have focused largely on ...

An aversion to harming others is a core component of human morality and is disturbed in antisocial behavior. Deficient harm aversion may underlie instrumental and reactive aggression, which both feature in psychopathy. Past work has highlighted monoaminergic influences on aggression, but a mechanistic account of how monoamines regulate antisocial motives remains elusive. We previously observed ...

Uncertainty is an omnipresent force in peoples' lives that has been shown to amplify the negative impact of aversive events. This amplified aversiveness, together with the negative attitudes that individuals can have toward uncertainty, suggests that a cue indicating uncertainty about future events might be associated with biased expectancies of negative outcomes or biased contingency estimates...

Background: Many important decisions in life, such as consumption and savings decisions, involve risk. Attitudes towards risk are highly consequential in clinical disorders thought to be prone to “risky behavior”, such as substance use disorders, and those commonly associated with excessive risk aversion, such as obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and hoarding disorder (HD). In this study, we ...

the relationship between finance and other social sciences as known behavioural finance, evaluate investors to the decision-making process and their reaction to different conditions of financial markets deals. in this study assumed that analysts are specialist in fundamental and technical analysis and then influence their personality characteristics is evaluated on their performance. statistica...