Gas-hydrates are crystalline form of water and methane that form at high pressure and low temperature. They have attracted the global attention due to their wide-spread occurrences in the permafrost and outer continental margins; potential as major energy resources; role in climate change etc. It is estimated that the carbon in gas-hydrates is two times the carbon content in fossil fuel reserve...

In the Bulgarian Black Sea shelf, several gas fields have been discovered in Maastrichtian–Paleocene sediments to date. this study, amplitude versus offset analysis (AVO) was carried out, and extended elastic impedance (EEI) also used, predict fluid lithology properties. Thus, these special cases, AVO (or reflection angle) can significantly de-risk existing Paleocene prospects allow focus on Mi...

We investigate the sensitivity of AVO attributes to uncertainty in migration velocity in a synthetic dataset. The synthetic data was built using a earth model with typical rock properties from a real North Sea turbidite field. The model includes a thick overburden layer with complex velocity anomalies. We examine the sensitivity of AVO response due to the presence of this complex layer and quan...

AVO as a known methodology is used to identify fluid type and reservoir lithology in subsurface exploration. Method discussed in this paper, consists of three stages, including: Direct modeling, Inverse modeling and Cross plot interpretation. By direct modeling we can clarify lithology or fluid dependent attributes. Analysis performed using both P-P and P-Sv attributes. Inverse modeling deals w...

AVO analysis of seismic data is based on the assumption that transitions in the earth consist of jump discontinuities only. The generalization of this type of transition to a more realistic class of transitions shows a drastic change in observed AVO behavior, especially for the large angles currently attained by increasing cable lengths. We propose a simple approach that accounts for this anoma...

The mechanisms underlying neoplastic epithelial cell killing by ionizing radiation are largely unknown. We discovered a novel response to radiation manifested by autophagy and the development of acidic vesicular organelles (AVO). Acidification of AVO was mediated by the vacuolar H+-ATPase. Staining with the lysosomotropic agent acridine orange enabled us to quantify AVO accumulation and to demo...

Rock physical model and amplitude variation with offset (AVO) patterns considering the content of organic matter composition minerals have a wider significance for guiding identification prediction mud-rich source rock. A rock is proposed describing elastic properties kerogen in different maturity stages. The builds an intrinsic connection between parameters rock, thereby providing theoretical ...