Introduction: Unwanted exposure of ionizing radiation may result in carcinogenesis, cell mutations, and organ failure. High-atomic number elements such as lead, tungsten, bismuth have been traditionally used for radiation protection. Theoretical and practical studies have shown that a variety of shielding materials e.g. polymer composites (PCs) can be used for attenuation of th...

OBJECTIVE To assess effects of off-centering, automatic exposure control, and padding on attenuation values, noise, and radiation dose when using in-plane bismuth-based shields for CT scanning. MATERIALS AND METHODS A 30 cm anthropomorphic chest phantom was scanned on a 64-multidetector CT, with the center of the phantom aligned to the gantry isocenter. Scanning was repeated after placing a b...

Abstract In this study, the X-ray shielding competence of 15Bi 2 O 3 + 75H BO 10Sm , 10Nd and 10CeO glasses was investigated using Phy-X/PSD simulation software validated XCOM software. The Sm 3+ -doped bismuth-borate glass gave highest linear attenuation coefficients effective atomic number, lowest half-value layer, tenth-value mean free path. Thus, it is most radiation material compared to Nd...

Background: This paper presents a method to reduce radiation exposure during mammography by analysing the doses to ipsilateral and contralateral breasts and to adjacent organs by evaluating material-dependent shielding performance.  Materials and Methods: Six target-filter combinations (Mo-Mo, Mo-Rh, Rh-Rh, Rh-Mo, W-Mo, W-Rh) were tested by measuring the doses delivered to the breasts and adjac...

Sunulan çalışmada, 0.060 MeV ila 2.614 foton enerjileri aralığında 18 farklı enerjide bizmut tabanlı bazı alaşımların gama radyasyonu zırhlama kapasiteleri incelenmiştir. Farklı oranlarda içeren Bi50/Pb25/Cd12.5/Sn12.5, Bi50/Pb28/Sn22, Bi55.5/Pb44.5, Bi58/Sn42 alaşımlarının azaltma belirtilen enerjilerde WinXCOM programı, GEANT4 ve FLUKA simülasyon programları yardımı ile Gama özelliklerini inc...

introduction lead-based shields are the most widely used attenuators in x-ray and gamma ray fields. the heavy weight, toxicity and corrosion of lead have led researchers towards the development of non-lead shields. materials and methods the purpose of this study was to design multi-layered shields for protection against x-rays and gamma rays in diagnostic radiology and nuclear medicine. in this...

To improve spatial resolution, positron emission tomography (PET) systems are being developed with finer detector elements. Unfortunately, using a smaller crystal size increases intercrystal Compton scatter and X-ray escape crosstalk, causing positioning errors that can lead to degradation of image contrast. We investigated the use of extremely thin ( 300 m) lead strips for passive shielding of...

Radiation-shielding glass is utilized in a few applications such as nuclear medicine, (PET) scans, x-rays, or treatment use. Nuclear reactors additionally require shielding from radiation types gamma, and neutron emissions. the exploration industry fields, for example, cyclotron support testing of non-destructive materials, improvement airport x-ray machines. Notwithstanding, radiation-shieldin...